LOW-FREQUENCY OF THE ADH2(ASTERISK)2 ALLELE AMONG ATAYAL NATIVES OF TAIWAN WITH ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS
LOW-FREQUENCY OF THE ADH2(ASTERISK)2 ALLELE AMONG ATAYAL NATIVES OF TAIWAN WITH ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00923.x
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发表时间：
1994-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
YIN, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
THOMASSON, HR;CRABB, DW;YIN, SJ
两个多态性乙醇脱氢酶基因座，ADH 2和ADH 3和多态性线粒体乙醛脱氢酶基因座，ALDH 2的遗传变异，可能会影响发展酒精中毒的风险，通过调节乙醇的消除率和乙醛的形成和消除率。这些基因座的等位基因频率在人群中存在差异。我们确定在所有这三个位点的基因型在台湾泰雅族人。ADH 2 *2、ADH 3 *1和ALDH 2 *1等位基因的频率（分别为0.91、0.99和0.95）在泰雅族人群中显著高于台湾汉族人群。在泰雅族中，酒精使用障碍（酒精依赖和酒精滥用）组的ADH 2 *2等位基因频率（0.82）显著低于无酒精使用障碍组（0.91）。ADH 2 *2等位基因编码β（2）亚基;含有82个亚基的同工酶比ADH 2 *1编码的β（1）β（1）同工酶在体外氧化酒精更快。因此，对这些数据的最简单的解释是，具有β 2同工酶的个体具有更高的乙醇氧化速率，这对某些个体的酒精滥用和依赖具有威慑作用。有酒精使用障碍的泰雅族人ALDH 2 *2的频率也低于对照组;已知该等位基因是亚洲人酒精潮红反应的原因，从而阻止饮酒。
Genetic variation at two polymorphic alcohol dehydrogenase loci, ADH2 and ADH3 and at the polymorphic mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase locus, ALDH2, may influence the risk of developing alcoholism by modulating the rate of elimination of ethanol and the rate of formation and elimination of acetaldehyde. Populations differ in allele frequencies at these loci. We determined the genotypes at all three of these loci in Atayal natives of Taiwan. The frequencies of ADH2*2, ADH3*1, and ALDH2*1 alleles (0.91, 0.99, and 0.95, respectively) were significantly higher among the Atayal than among a predominantly Han Chinese population from Taiwan. Among the Atayal, the group with alcohol use disorders (alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse) had a significantly lower frequency of the ADH2*2 allele (0.82) than those without alcohol use disorders (0.91). The ADH2*2 allele encodes the beta(2) subunit; isozymes containing 82 subunits oxidize alcohol faster in vitro than the beta(1) beta(1) isozyme encoded by ADH2*1. Thus, the simplest explanation for these data is that individuals with a beta(2) isozymes have a higher rate of ethanol oxidation, which is a deterrent to alcohol abuse and dependence in some individuals. The Atayal with alcohol use disorders also had a lower frequency of ALDH2*2 than the controls; this allele is known to be responsible for the alcohol-flush reaction among Asians, and thereby deters drinking.