Historical roots of implicit bias in slavery
Historical roots of implicit bias in slavery
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1818816116
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发表时间：
2019-06-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Brown-Iannuzzi, Jazmin L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Payne, B. Keith;Vuletich, Heidi A.;Brown-Iannuzzi, Jazmin L.
隐性种族偏见仍然普遍存在，甚至在那些明确反对偏见的人中也是如此。隐性偏见持续存在的一个原因可能是，它是通过缓慢变化的结构性和历史性不平等来维持的。我们通过比较现代隐性偏见与1860年这些县的奴隶人口比例来研究隐性偏见的历史持久性。内战前更依赖奴隶制的县和州，今天在白人居民中显示出更高水平的亲白人隐性偏见，而在黑人居民中显示出更少的亲白人偏见。在控制显性偏倚后，这些关联仍然显著。奴隶人口和内隐偏见之间的联系可以部分地用结构性不平等来解释。我们的研究结果支持将内隐偏见解释为过去和现在的结构性不平等的认知残余。
Implicit racial bias remains widespread, even among individuals who explicitly reject prejudice. One reason for the persistence of implicit bias may be that it is maintained through structural and historical inequalities that change slowly. We investigated the historical persistence of implicit bias by comparing modern implicit bias with the proportion of the population enslaved in those counties in 1860. Counties and states more dependent on slavery before the Civil War displayed higher levels of pro-White implicit bias today among White residents and less pro-White bias among Black residents. These associations remained significant after controlling for explicit bias. The association between slave populations and implicit bias was partially explained by measures of structural inequalities. Our results support an interpretation of implicit bias as the cognitive residue of past and present structural inequalities.