Empirics of multimodal traffic networks - Using the 3D macroscopic fundamental diagram
Empirics of multimodal traffic networks - Using the 3D macroscopic fundamental diagram
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多式联运交通网络的经验 - 使用 3D 宏观基本图
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
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通讯作者：
K. Axhausen
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作者：
Allister Loder;Lukas Ambühl;M. Menéndez;K. Axhausen
大多数城市的交通是多模式的。然而，不同的交通模式对交通性能的影响和相互之间的影响尚不清楚-特别是在网络层面。最近扩展的宏观基本图（MFD）的三维MFD，提供了一个新的框架，以解决这个差距在城市规模。3D-MFD将汽车和公共交通车辆的网络密度与车辆或乘客的网络流量相关联。迄今为止，还没有经验性的3D-MFD报告。在本文中，我们提出了第一个经验估计的3D-MFD在城市规模。为此，我们使用的数据从环路探测器和自动车辆定位设备（AVL）的公共交通工具在城市的苏黎世，瑞士。我们比较了城市内的两个不同区域，它们的拓扑结构和公共交通专用车道的份额不同。我们提出了一个统计模型的3D-MFD，估计汽车和公共交通速度的需求的影响。结果量化了车辆和乘客的多式联运效应，并证实了专用车道的更大份额降低了公共交通车辆对汽车速度的边际效应。最后，我们得到了一个新的应用程序的3D-MFD，通过确定公共交通用户的份额，最大限度地提高行程速度的城市网络占所有机动化的交通方式。
Traffic is multimodal in most cities. However, the impacts of different transport modes on traffic performance and on each other, are unclear – especially at the network level. The recent extension of the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) to the 3D-MFD, offers a novel framework to address this gap at the urban scale. The 3D-MFD relates the network density of cars and public transport vehicles to the network flow, for either vehicles or passengers. No empirical 3D-MFD has been reported so far. In this paper, we present the first empirical estimate of a 3D-MFD at the urban scale. To this end, we use data from loop detectors and automatic vehicle location devices (AVL) of the public transport vehicles in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. We compare two different areas within the city, that differ in their topology and share of dedicated lanes to public transport. We propose a statistical model of the 3D-MFD, which estimates the effects of the demands on car and public transport speeds. The results quantify the multimodal effects of both, vehicles and passengers, and confirms that a greater share of dedicated lanes reduces the marginal effect of public transport vehicles on car speeds. Lastly, we derive a new application of the 3D-MFD, by identifying the share of public transport users that maximizes the journey speeds in an urban network accounting for all motorized transport modes.