A Longitudinal Assessment of Sleep Timing, Circadian Phase, and Phase Angle of Entrainment across Human Adolescence
A Longitudinal Assessment of Sleep Timing, Circadian Phase, and Phase Angle of Entrainment across Human Adolescence
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0112199
复制
发表时间：
2014-11-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Carskadon, Mary A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crowley, Stephanie J.;Van Reen, Eliza;Carskadon, Mary A.
这项描述性分析的目的是在纵向研究设计中检查整个青少年的睡眠时间、昼夜节律阶段和夹带的相位角。94名青少年参与；基线评估时，38名（21名男孩）为9-10岁（“较年轻队列”），56名（30名男孩）为15-16岁（“较年长队列”）。参与者大约每六个月完成一次基线测试，然后进行随访评估，持续2.5年。在每次评估中，参与者在家中佩戴手腕活动记录仪至少一周，在实验室测量唾液昏暗褪黑激素（DLMO）阶段（昼夜节律计时系统的标志）之前测量自己选择的睡眠时间。工作日和周末的睡眠开始量和睡眠偏移量以及周末和工作日之间的差异来源于活动记录仪。相位角为从DLMO到工作日睡眠开始和偏移时间的持续时间。每个队列都表现出较晚的睡眠开始时间（周末和工作日），较晚的周末睡眠偏移，以及随着年龄的增长而较晚的DLMO。在17岁以后的年轻人群中，工作日睡眠偏移随着年龄的增长而提前，而在年龄较大的人群中则推迟。在年轻人群中，周末和工作日的睡眠抵消差异随着年龄的增长而增加，而在17岁以后的老年人群中，这种差异有所减少。DLMO与睡眠偏移相位角在年轻队列中随着年龄的增长而变窄，而在老年队列中变宽。与年轻组相比，老年组的睡眠开始相角更宽；然而，年龄相关的相位角增加只在年轻的队列中出现。在这些发展轨迹中可以看到个体差异。这项描述性研究表明，昼夜节律阶段和自我选择睡眠在整个青春期延迟，尽管上学时的睡眠抵消一直持续到高中以后，因此抵消时间较晚。相角变化被描述为睡眠调节的发育变化与社会心理因素（如就寝自主）的相互作用。
The aim of this descriptive analysis was to examine sleep timing, circadian phase, and phase angle of entrainment across adolescence in a longitudinal study design. Ninety-four adolescents participated; 38 (21 boys) were 9-10 years ("younger cohort") and 56 (30 boys) were 15-16 years ("older cohort") at the baseline assessment. Participants completed a baseline and then follow-up assessments approximately every six months for 2.5 years. At each assessment, participants wore a wrist actigraph for at least one week at home to measure self-selected sleep timing before salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) phase - a marker of the circadian timing system - was measured in the laboratory. Weekday and weekend sleep onset and offset and weekend-weekday differences were derived from actigraphy. Phase angles were the time durations from DLMO to weekday sleep onset and offset times. Each cohort showed later sleep onset (weekend and weekday), later weekend sleep offset, and later DLMO with age. Weekday sleep offset shifted earlier with age in the younger cohort and later in the older cohort after age 17. Weekend-weekday sleep offset differences increased with age in the younger cohort and decreased in the older cohort after age 17. DLMO to sleep offset phase angle narrowed with age in the younger cohort and became broader in the older cohort. The older cohort had a wider sleep onset phase angle compared to the younger cohort; however, an age-related phase angle increase was seen in the younger cohort only. Individual differences were seen in these developmental trajectories. This descriptive study indicated that circadian phase and self-selected sleep delayed across adolescence, though school-day sleep offset advanced until no longer in high school, whereupon offset was later. Phase angle changes are described as an interaction of developmental changes in sleep regulation interacting with psychosocial factors (e.g., bedtime autonomy).