Race-based biases in judgments of social pain
Race-based biases in judgments of social pain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2020.103964
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hugenberg, Kurt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deska, Jason C.;Kunstman, Jonathan;Hugenberg, Kurt
六项研究检验了这样一个假设：评估者认为黑人对社会痛苦的敏感度低于白人。社会痛苦被操作化为因损害社会价值和人际关系（例如贬损、排斥、不公平）的经历而引起的心理困扰。白人评估者认为黑人男性（研究 1、2a 和 2b）和女性（研究 2a 和 2b）目标比白人男性和女性目标经历的社会痛苦更少。研究 3 提供的证据表明这种偏见也适用于黑人评估者。此外，认为黑人对社会痛苦不如白人那么敏感的信念是通过对黑人和白人目标经历的不同生活困难的判断来调节的（研究 4），并且似乎并不是判断黑人目标普遍麻木不仁的更广泛倾向的子集（研究 5）。至关重要的是，观察到的基于种族的社会痛苦偏见也转化为这样的信念：黑人目标需要比白人目标更少的支持资源来应对社会痛苦事件（研究 6）。目前的研究表明，对他人心理困扰的判断存在种族偏见，这些偏见影响了对有需要的人的社会支持判断。
Six studies tested the hypothesis that evaluators judge Black people less sensitive to social pain than White people. Social pain was operationalized as the psychological distress caused by experiences that damage social worth and interpersonal relationships (e.g., derogation, exclusion, unfairness). White evaluators judged both Black male (Studies 1, 2a, & 2b) and female (Studies 2a & 2b) targets as experiencing less social pain than White male and female targets. Study 3 provided evidence that this bias also extends to Black evaluators. Further, the belief that Black people are less sensitive to social pain than White people was mediated by judgments of differential life hardship experienced by Black and White targets (Study 4) and did not seem to be a subset of a broader tendency to judge Black targets as generally insensate (Study 5). Critically, the observed race-based social pain bias also translated into beliefs that Black targets needed fewer supportive resources than White targets to cope with socially painful events (Study 6). The current research demonstrates that there are racial biases in judgments of others' psychological distress and these biases inform social support judgments for those in need.