How nonshared environmental factors come to correlate with heredity.
How nonshared environmental factors come to correlate with heredity.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579420001017
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Klump KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beam CR;Pezzoli P;Mendle J;Burt SA;Neale MC;Boker SM;Keel PK;Klump KL
传统的纵向行为遗传模型估计遗传和环境因素对性状和行为的稳定性和变化的相对贡献。纵向模型很少解释在遗传和社会相关个体之间产生观察到的差异的过程。我们建议，个人和他们的环境之间的交换（即，表型-环境效应）可以解释观察到的差异随时间的推移而出现。然而，表型-环境模型需要违反标准行为遗传模型的独立性假设，即不相关的遗传和环境因素。我们回顾了如何规范的表型环境效应有助于了解观察到的遗传变异性随时间的变化和非共享的环境因素之间的纵向相关性。然后，我们提供了一个例子，使用30天的积极和消极的影响分数从一个全女性样本的双胞胎。结果表明，表型环境效应解释了遗传力估计值如何波动，以及非共享环境因素如何随着时间的推移而持续存在。我们讨论了基因-环境相关性随时间变化的可能机制，将基因-环境相关性纳入纵向双胞胎模型的优势和挑战，以及对未来研究的建议。
Conventional longitudinal behavioral genetic models estimate the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to stability and change of traits and behaviors. Longitudinal models rarely explain the processes that generate observed differences between genetically and socially related individuals. We propose that exchanges between individuals and their environments (i.e., phenotype–environment effects) can explain the emergence of observed differences over time. Phenotype–environment models, however, would require violation of the independence assumption of standard behavioral genetic models; that is, uncorrelated genetic and environmental factors. We review how specification of phenotype–environment effects contributes to understanding observed changes in genetic variability over time and longitudinal correlations among nonshared environmental factors. We then provide an example using 30 days of positive and negative affect scores from an all-female sample of twins. Results demonstrate that the phenotype–environment effects explain how heritability estimates fluctuate as well as how nonshared environmental factors persist over time. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying change in gene–environment correlation over time, the advantages and challenges of including gene–environment correlation in longitudinal twin models, and recommendations for future research.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Burt, S. Alexandra;Klahr, Ashlea M.;Klump, Kelly L.
通讯作者：
Klump, Kelly L.