Urban vacant lands impart hydrological benefits across city landscapes
Urban vacant lands impart hydrological benefits across city landscapes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41467-020-15376-9
复制
发表时间：
2020-03-26
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Shuster, William
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelleher, Christa;Golden, Heather E.;Shuster, William
城市的发展经历了建设、拆除、空置和重建等阶段，每个阶段都通过改变土壤水文特性、土地覆盖和地形来影响地表的水分运动。目前尚不清楚的是，与空置地块相关的可变物理和植被特征以及拆迁是否会吸收降雨，从而减少雨水径流。为了调查这一点，我们评估如何空地调制全市范围内的水文分区合成一个新的字段数据集在布法罗，纽约，美国的500多个包裹。空地的渗透率变化很大（0.001至5.39厘米每小时（-1）），尽管地块通常植被良好，坡度平缓。将现场估计扩展到2400个空置地块，我们估计，与拆除前的状态相比，全市范围内的空置土地可能累计渗透51-54%的额外年降雨量，部分原因是减少和断开不透水区域。我们的研究结果将空地区分为有目的的景观，可以减轻大量水流入老化的废水基础设施。作者调查了美国纽约州布法罗市500多块空地的渗透潜力。他们发现，作为城市空地的透水覆盖层的足迹不断扩大，在事件和年度基础上提供了雨水量保留效益。
Cities evolve through phases of construction, demolition, vacancy, and redevelopment, each impacting water movement at the land surface by altering soil hydrologic properties, land cover, and topography. Currently unknown is whether the variable physical and vegetative characteristics associated with vacant parcels and introduced by demolition may absorb rainfall and thereby diminish stormwater runoff. To investigate this, we evaluate how vacant lots modulate citywide hydrologic partitioning by synthesizing a novel field dataset across 500+ parcels in Buffalo, New York, USA. Vacant lot infiltration rates vary widely (0.001 to 5.39cmh(-1)), though parcels are generally well-vegetated and gently sloped. Extending field estimates to 2400 vacant parcels, we estimate that vacant lands citywide may cumulatively infiltrate 51-54% additional annual rainfall volume as compared to pre-demolition state, in part by reducing and disconnecting impervious areas. Our findings differentiate vacant lots as purposeful landscapes that can alleviate large water fluxes into aging wastewater infrastructure. The authors investigate the infiltration potential of more than 500 vacant lots in the City of Buffalo, NY, USA. They found that the expanding footprint of pervious cover as urban vacant land provides stormwater volume retention benefits on an event and annual basis.