Gender differences in depression -: Epidemiological findings from the European DEPRES I and II studies
Gender differences in depression -: Epidemiological findings from the European DEPRES I and II studies
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DOI：
10.1007/s00406-002-0381-6
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Tylee, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angst, J;Gamma, A;Tylee, A
虽然有充分的证据表明，在一般人群中，女性的重度抑郁症（MDD）患病率高于男性，但关于抑郁症的症状、因果归因、求助、应对或后果方面的性别差异的数据很少。方法：对涵盖六个欧洲国家代表性人群样本的大型DEPRES研究数据集（第一波：38，434名男性和40，024名女性;第二波：563名男性和1321名女性接受抑郁症治疗）进行性别差异分析。结果在波I中，重度抑郁症的6个月患病率存在显著的性别差异，但轻度抑郁症的患病率差异较小;重度抑郁症的性别差异在所有年龄组中均存在。即使按临床显著损伤和有偿就业状况分层后，男性报告的症状也比女性少;因此，男性达到诊断阈值的频率较低。在第二波有明显的性别差异，在因果归因和应对。男性通过增加体育活动和酒精消费来应对，女性通过情感释放和宗教来应对。女性在睡眠质量和总体健康方面感受到抑郁的影响，而男性则在工作能力方面感受到更多。局限性研究的第二波只包括治疗抑郁症，可能比第一波代表性较低。
Background While there is ample evidence that the prevalence rates for major depressive disorder (MDD) in the general population are higher in women than in men, there is little data on gender differences as regard to symptoms, causal attribution, help-seeking, coping, or the consequences of depression. Method The large DEPRES Study dataset covering representative population samples of six European countries (wave 1: 38,434 men and 40,024 women; wave II: 563 men and 1321 women treated for depression) was analyzed for gender differences. Results In wave I marked gender differences were found in the six-month prevalence rate for major depression but less so for minor depression; the gender differences for major depression persisted across all age groups. Even after stratification by clinically significant impairment and paid employment status, men reported fewer symptoms than women; as a consequence, men reached the diagnostic threshold less often. In wave II there were clear gender differences in causal attribution and in coping. Men coped by increasing their sports activity and consumption of alcohol and women through emotional release and religion. Women felt the effects of depression in their quality of sleep and general health, whereas men felt it more in their ability to work. Limitations The second wave of the study comprises treated depressives only and may be less representative than the first wave.