Understanding changes in annual runoff following land use changes: a systematic data‐based approach
Understanding changes in annual runoff following land use changes: a systematic data‐based approach
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.5679
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发表时间：
2005-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
M. Bari;K. Smettem;M. Sivapalan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Bari;K. Smettem;M. Sivapalan
本文提出了一个简单的模型框架，用于评估澳大利亚南西部未测量的集水区对土地利用变化的响应。该框架利用原生植被和牧场的蒸腾损失知识，然后将“多余”的水（由土地利用变化后蒸腾减少造成）划分为径流和深层储存。简单的划分是通过使用软信息（卫星图像、以前的制图和实地评估）来划定靠近河流的永久饱和区域的范围。然后假定径流与饱和面积成比例地增加，剩余的差额进入深层储存。描述年水量的模型参数是先验的，不需要对流量进行校准。我们使用来自南-西澳大利亚成对集水区实验的超过25年的测量记录来测试该模型。从高降雨量（100 - 1100毫米/年- 1）流域（R2 - 9）和清理后的低降雨量（<900毫米/年- 1）流域（R2 = 0.96）获得了非常好的径流估计，但未清理的低降雨量流域的结果较差（R2 = 0.55），尽管总体平衡是合理的。在干旱的未开垦的集水区，降雨量的年内分布可能对径流响应产生重大影响，而本模型并未完全捕捉到这一点。版权所有©2005 John Wiley & Sons， Ltd
A simple modelling framework for assessing the response of ungauged catchments to land use change in South‐Western Australia is presented. The framework uses knowledge of transpiration losses from native vegetation and pasture and then partitions the ‘excess’ water (resulting from reduced transpiration after land use change) between runoff and deep storage. The simple partitioning is achieved by using soft information (satellite imagery, previous mapping and field assessment) to delimit the spread of the permanently saturated area close to the stream. Runoff is then assumed to increase in proportion to the saturated area, with the residual difference going to deep storage. The model parameters to describe the annual water yield are obtained a priori and no calibration to streamflow is required. We tested the model using gauged records over 25 years from paired catchment experiments in South‐Western Australia. Very good estimates of runoff were obtained from high rainfall (>1100 mm yr−1) catchments (R2 > 0·9) and for low rainfall (<900 mm yr−1) catchments after clearing (R2 = 0·96) but results were poorer (R2 = 0·55) for an uncleared low rainfall catchment, although overall balances were reasonable. In the drier uncleared catchments, the within‐year distributions of rainfall may exert a substantial influence on runoff response that is not completely captured by the presented model. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.