Evolving polycentric governance of the Great Barrier Reef
Evolving polycentric governance of the Great Barrier Reef
复制标题
大堡礁不断演变的多中心治理
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1620830114
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Morrison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Morrison
全球可持续性取决于强有力的环境治理制度。对1975年至2016年期间大堡礁状况的调查揭示了复杂的环境状况如何变得越来越结构密集，并最终达到稳定点。然而，结构的复杂性和稳定性本身并不一定意味着系统是稳健的。相反，一个复杂但稳定的结构可以掩盖外生变化，从而产生更多的内生变化;这一现象对复杂制度的环境后果有影响。因此，在设计、实施和评估可持续环境治理时预测和考虑变化至关重要。一个不断发展的可持续发展科学领域研究了环境如何通过多中心治理而改变。然而，许多研究只是对多中心体制的初始设计或新兴结构的快照分析。对多中心制度的纵向稳健性的系统分析较少。鲁棒性问题不仅关注制度的结构，还关注其背景和有效性。这些方面的审查，通过纵向分析大堡礁（GBR）的治理制度，利用深入的访谈和人口，经济和就业数据，以及组织记录和参与者的观察。1975年至2011年间，GBR制度演变成一个强大的多中心结构，这在一套针对海洋，陆地和全球威胁的多角色，多层次安排中显而易见。然而，从2005年起，多尺度驱动因素促成了至少10种类型的政权更迭，从鼓励政权漂移的背景变化到威胁政权转换的故意变化。最近，为了应对国际组织的指导和2016年大规模珊瑚漂白事件等冲击，也发生了政权重组。研究结果表明，治理制度的结构密度和稳定性可以与该制度的背景和有效性的重大变化共存。明确分析多中心治理的脆弱性，以降低效率和日益复杂的掩盖效应，为可持续性科学和治理行为体提供更强大的基础，以了解和应对政权更迭。
Significance Global sustainability depends on robust environmental governance regimes. An investigation of the Great Barrier Reef regime between 1975 and 2016 reveals how complex environmental regimes become increasingly structurally dense and eventually reach a point of stabilization. However, structural complexity and stability alone do not necessarily mean the system is robust. Instead, a complex but stable structure can mask exogenous change, which then can generate more endogenous change; this phenomenon has implications for the environmental outcomes of complex regimes. Therefore, it is vital to anticipate and account for change in designing, implementing, and evaluating sustainable environmental governance. A growing field of sustainability science examines how environments are transformed through polycentric governance. However, many studies are only snapshot analyses of the initial design or the emergent structure of polycentric regimes. There is less systematic analysis of the longitudinal robustness of polycentric regimes. The problem of robustness is approached by focusing not only on the structure of a regime but also on its context and effectiveness. These dimensions are examined through a longitudinal analysis of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) governance regime, drawing on in-depth interviews and demographic, economic, and employment data, as well as organizational records and participant observation. Between 1975 and 2011, the GBR regime evolved into a robust polycentric structure as evident in an established set of multiactor, multilevel arrangements addressing marine, terrestrial, and global threats. However, from 2005 onward, multiscale drivers precipitated at least 10 types of regime change, ranging from contextual change that encouraged regime drift to deliberate changes that threatened regime conversion. More recently, regime realignment also has occurred in response to steering by international organizations and shocks such as the 2016 mass coral-bleaching event. The results show that structural density and stability in a governance regime can coexist with major changes in that regime’s context and effectiveness. Clear analysis of the vulnerability of polycentric governance to both diminishing effectiveness and the masking effects of increasing complexity provides sustainability science and governance actors with a stronger basis to understand and respond to regime change.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
A. Schaffrin;Sebastian Sewerin;Sibylle Seubert
通讯作者：
A. Schaffrin;Sebastian Sewerin;Sibylle Seubert