KIC 8462852 FADED AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 0.164 ± 0.013 MAGNITUDES PER CENTURY FROM 1890 TO 1989
KIC 8462852 FADED AT AN AVERAGE RATE OF 0.164 ± 0.013 MAGNITUDES PER CENTURY FROM 1890 TO 1989
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从 1890 年到 1989 年，KIC 8462852 的平均褪色率为每世纪 0.164 ± 0.013 星等
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发表时间：
2016
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通讯作者：
B. Schaefer
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作者：
B. Schaefer
KIC 8462852是一颗完全普通的F3主序星，除了开普勒的光曲线显示了独特的、令人费解的长达一天的下降周期，亮度最高可达20%。在这里，我提供了一张从1890年到1989年的1338个约翰逊B波段的光曲线，这些光是从哈佛大学的档案照相底片拍摄的。KIC 8462852显示出平均每世纪0.164±0.013毫克的长期调光。从19世纪90年代初到80年代末，KIC 8462852褪色了0.193±0.030毫克。这种下降并不是人为的，因为附近的棋盘星有非常平坦的光线曲线。这种长达一个世纪的暗淡对于任何F型主序星来说都是前所未有的。因此，哈佛的光曲线首次证实了KIC 8462852有任何不同寻常之处(仅在开普勒光曲线上看到的几次下降之后)。长达一个世纪的调光和长达一天的调光都只是独特调光事件的一系列时间尺度中的极端。根据奥卡姆的剃刀，两种如此独特而相似的效应很可能是由一种物理机制产生的。这一机制似乎不是上个世纪的任何孤立的灾难性事件，而是某种持续不断的过程，具有持续的影响。在尘埃掩星模型的背景下，长达一个世纪的变暗趋势需要的尘埃是开普勒盆地最深的尘埃的104-107倍。在彗星家族理论的背景下，长达一个世纪的变暗趋势需要上个世纪内估计有648,000颗巨型彗星(每颗直径200公里)都经过编排从恒星前面经过。
KIC 8462852 is a completely ordinary F3 main-sequence star, except that the light curve from Kepler shows episodes of unique and inexplicable day-long dips with up to 20% dimming. Here, I provide a light curve of 1338 Johnson B-band magnitudes from 1890 to 1989 taken from archival photographic plates at Harvard. KIC 8462852 displays a secular dimming at an average rate of 0.164 ± 0.013 mag per century. From the early-1890s to the late-1980s, KIC 8462852 faded by 0.193 ± 0.030 mag. The decline is not an artifact because nearby check stars have closely flat light curves. This century-long dimming is unprecedented for any F-type main-sequence star. Thus, the Harvard light curve provides the first confirmation (past the several dips seen in the Kepler light curve alone) that KIC 8462852 has anything unusual. The century-long dimming and the day-long dips are both just extreme ends of a spectrum of timescales for unique dimming events. By Ockham’s Razor, two such unique and similar effects are very likely produced by one physical mechanism. This one mechanism does not appear as any isolated catastrophic event in the last century, but rather must be some ongoing process with continuous effects. Within the context of dust-occultation models, the century-long dimming trend requires 104–107 times as much dust as for the deepest Kepler dip. Within the context of the comet-family idea, the century-long dimming trend requires an estimated 648,000 giant comets (each with 200 km diameter) all orchestrated to pass in front of the star within the last century.