Decreasing Reliance on Mineral Nitrogen—Yet More Food

Decreasing Reliance on Mineral Nitrogen—Yet More Food
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减少对矿物氮的依赖——更多的食物

DOI:
10.1579/0044-7447-31.2.177
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发表时间:
2002
期刊:
The Scientific World Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Montañez
A. Montañez
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
R. Roy;R. Misra;A. Montañez

文献摘要

被引文献

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摘要作物产量的提高通常需要更高的养分施用量,从而增加矿质氮的使用。2030年的粮食需求估计约为2800万。吨(t)yr-1,相应的矿物氮消耗量为96 mill。t(78mil. t 1995/1997年-1年)。目前,全球因使用矿物肥料而造成的矿物氮损失为3600万。t年-1,价值11700百万美元。并对环境造成不利影响。然而,创新的肥料利用效率(FUE)技术可以提高产量,但矿物质氮的使用量却没有按比例增加。此外,通过改进农业生产系统和开发生物固氮等替代来源,可以增加氮营养素的供应。到2030年,在适当的政策、技术转让、研究和投资支持下,在农场采用生物固氮和肥料利用效率技术可以节省1000万美元。吨-1年的矿物N,价值3300百万美元。
Abstract Higher crop production normally demands higher nutrient application rates and consequently increased mineral nitrogen use. With food demand for 2030 estimated around 2800 mill. tonnes (t) yr−1, the corresponding mineral N consumption figure is 96 mill. t (78 mill. t yr−1 in 1995/1997). Global-level mineral N losses to the environment from mineral fertilizer use are currently 36 mill. t yr−1, worth USD 11 700 mill. and with adverse environmental impacts. However, innovative fertilizer-use efficiency (FUE) technologies enable increased production with a less than a proportionate increase in mineral-N use. Moreover, nitrogen-nutrient supplies can be augmented through improvements in agricultural production systems and in the exploitation of alternative sources such as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). By 2030, with adequate policy, technology transfer, research and investment support, the on-farm adoption of BNF and FUE technologies could generate savings of 10 mill. t yr−1 of mineral N, worth USD 3300 mill.