A Review on Antibiotic Resistance: Alarm Bells are Ringing.
A Review on Antibiotic Resistance: Alarm Bells are Ringing.
复制标题
抗生素抗性的综述：警报铃响。
DOI：
10.7759/cureus.1403
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发表时间：
2017-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hossain N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zaman SB;Hussain MA;Nye R;Mehta V;Mamun KT;Hossain N
抗生素是对抗微生物的“特效药”。几十年来，多种抗生素不仅用于治疗目的，而且在农业和畜牧业等其他行业中也得到了广泛应用。不确定性已经出现，因为微生物已经对常见抗生素产生耐药性，而宿主仍然没有意识到抗生素耐药性已经出现。本文旨在通过查阅相关文献，探讨抗生素耐药性的起源、发展和现状，以及抗生素耐药性的调控和面临的挑战。我们发现抗生素耐药性正在以惊人的速度增加。越来越多的感染，即，肺炎、肺结核和淋病变得越来越难治疗，有时甚至无法治疗，而抗生素的效果也越来越差。抗生素耐药性感染与抗生素消耗水平相关。抗生素的非司法使用是造成微生物耐药性的主要原因。现有或新出现的难以治疗的多重耐药细菌感染的抗生素治疗方案有限，导致高发病率和死亡率的报告。这篇综述文章重申了抗菌药物在人类和动物健康中的最佳使用，以减少抗生素耐药性。来自文献的证据表明，关于人群中抗生素耐药性的知识仍然很少。因此，需要对患者和公众进行教育，这对对抗抗菌素耐药性至关重要。
Antibiotics are the ‘wonder drugs’ to combat microbes. For decades, multiple varieties of antibiotics have not only been used for therapeutic purposes but practiced prophylactically across other industries such as agriculture and animal husbandry. Uncertainty has arisen, as microbes have become resistant to common antibiotics while the host remains unaware that antibiotic resistance has emerged. The aim of this review is to explore the origin, development, and the current state of antibiotic resistance, regulation, and challenges by examining available literature. We found that antibiotic resistance is increasing at an alarming rate. A growing list of infections i.e., pneumonia, tuberculosis, and gonorrhea are becoming harder and at times impossible to treat while antibiotics are becoming less effective. Antibiotic-resistant infections correlate with the level of antibiotic consumption. Non-judicial use of antibiotics is mostly responsible for making the microbes resistant. The antibiotic treatment repertoire for existing or emerging hard-to-treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections is limited, resulting in high morbidity and mortality report. This review article reiterates the optimal use of antimicrobial medicines in human and animal health to reduce antibiotic resistance. Evidence from the literature suggests that the knowledge regarding antibiotic resistance in the population is still scarce. Therefore, the need of educating patients and the public is essential to fight against the antimicrobial resistance battle.