Geodetic model for teaching motion on the Earth’s spheroidal surface

Geodetic model for teaching motion on the Earth’s spheroidal surface
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用于教授地球椭球表面运动的大地测量模型

DOI:
10.1088/1361-6404/ac0e87
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
0.7
通讯作者:
Edwards, John M
Edwards, John M
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Edwards, Boyd F;Edwards, John M

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我们探索塑造我们的球状地球的力,以及控制冰球运动的力,冰球在其表面无摩擦滑动。地球稳定的球体形状(除了小尺度的表面特征)是通过平衡将其结合在一起的重力和试图将其撕裂的离心力来决定的。冰球在其表面的运动与在球体上的运动有很大的不同,因为地球的球体变形中和了冰球上的离心力和重力,只剩下科里奥利力来控制运动。然而,地球的球体变形很小,很难在比例图中看到。为了帮助学生探索这些形变对地球表面运动的关键作用,我们开发了一个均匀旋转的具有任意偏心和任意角速度的类地行星的模型,推导出在这样一个行星的无摩擦表面上滑动的冰球的运动方程,并介绍了可视化这种运动的CorioVis软件。通过构建,该模型复制了用于陆地制图、大地测量和全球定位系统的参考椭球体的旋转特性。
We explore the forces that shape our spheroidal Earth and the forces that govern the motion of a puck that slides without friction on its surface. The Earth's stable spheroidal shape (apart from small-scale surface features) is determined by balancing the gravitational forces that hold it together against the centrifugal forces that try to tear it apart. The motion of a puck on its surface differs profoundly from motion on a sphere because the Earth's spheroidal deformations neutralize the centrifugal and gravitational forces on the puck, leaving only the Coriolis force to govern the motion. Yet the Earth's spheroidal deformations are small and difficult to see in scale drawings. To assist students in exploring the crucial role of these deformations for motion on the Earth's surface, we develop a model of uniformly rotating homogeneous earth-like planets with arbitrary eccentricities and arbitrary angular speeds of rotation, derive equations of motion for a puck sliding on the frictionless surface of such a planet, and introduce CorioVis software for visualizing this motion. By construction, this model replicates the rotational properties of the reference spheroid that is used in terrestrial cartography, geodesy, and the global positioning system.
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