INCREASED KERNEL NUMBER IN NORIN 10-DERIVED DWARF WHEAT - EVALUATION OF THE CAUSE
INCREASED KERNEL NUMBER IN NORIN 10-DERIVED DWARF WHEAT - EVALUATION OF THE CAUSE
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DOI：
10.1071/pp9860767
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发表时间：
1986-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
STOCKMAN, YM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FISCHER, RA;STOCKMAN, YM
本研究的主要Norin 10矮秆基因（Rht1，Rht2）对春小麦籽粒数的影响强调了三个近等基因对春小麦，不同的存在或不存在这两个基因。植物在受控环境条件下生长，在其顶部具有相等的光强度，并通过重复分蘖修剪限制在主茎上。矮秆小麦在开花期穗部干重的比例较高，田间研究表明这种效应与其单位面积籽粒产量密切相关。矮秆基因型的茎稍短，早在开花前50天（即开花开始前），但相对差异变得特别大，在开花前35天开始。尖和穗的长度从来没有很大的不同。矮秆小麦开花前50天至叶片生长末期，干物质向叶片分配的比例较大，而向茎分配的比例较低。分配到穗只在开花前15天较高。矮秆小麦开花时茎中水溶性碳水化合物含量较高，但在开花前15天左右达到最大值的茎中水溶性碳水化合物含量较低。穗形态发生，包括小花生产和籽粒设置没有不同的一般，除了一个趋势与矮秆小麦开花间隔较长的花启动和更多的每单位穗重量在开花期的内核。矮秆基因型的主要独特之处，分配到穗的干物质的比例较高，似乎是由于减少竞争，而不是内在的差异，在他们的穗的生长潜力，在矮秆小麦生长茎。
This study of the effect of major Norin 10 dwarfing genes (Rht1, Rht2) on kernel number in spring wheat emphasized three near-isogenic pairs of spring wheat, differing in the presence or absence of both genes. Plants were grown under controlled environment conditions with equal light intensities at their tops and were restricted to main stems by repeated tiller trimming. The dwarf wheats had a higher proportion of shoot dry weight in the spike at anthesis, an effect which field studies suggest is closely associated with their production of more kernels per unit land area. Stems of dwarf genotypes were somewhat shorter as early as 50 days before anthesis (i.e. before floral initiation) but relative differences became especially great commencing at 35 days before anthesis. Apex and spike lengths were never very different. A greater proportion of dry matter was distributed to leaf lamina from 50 days before anthesis until the end of lamina growth in dwarf wheats, while partitioning to stems was lower from 50 days before anthesis onwards. Partitioning to spikes was only higher in the 15 days preceding anthesis. Stem water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents at anthesis were greater in dwarf wheats but maximum spike WSC contents reached at about 15 days before anthesis were lower. Spike morphogenesis including floret production and grain setting did not differ generally, except for a tendency with dwarf wheats for a longer floral initiation to anthesis interval and for more kernels per unit of spike weight at anthesis. The major unique feature of dwarf genotypes, the higher proportion of dry matter partitioned to the spike, appeared to be due to reduced competition from growing stems in dwarf wheats rather than intrinsic differences in the growth potential of their spikes.