Prion protein (PrP) gene-knockout cell lines: insight into functions of the PrP.

Prion protein (PrP) gene-knockout cell lines: insight into functions of the PrP.
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DOI:
10.3389/fcell.2014.00075
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Onodera T
Onodera T
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sakudo A;Onodera T

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阐明朊病毒蛋白(PrP)的功能对于充分了解朊病毒疾病至关重要。研究 PrP 功能的主要方法是使用 PrP 基因敲除 (Prnp−/−) 小鼠。到目前为止,已经产生了六种类型的 Prnp−/− 小鼠,证明了 PrP 的混杂功能。最近,其他 PrP 家族成员,如 Doppel 和 Shadoo,也被发现了。然而,从这些 PrP 家族蛋白的结构和功能分析的比较研究中获得的信息并没有完全揭示 PrP 的功能。最近,从 Prnp−/− 小鼠中建立的多种 Prnp−/− 细胞系为 PrP 功能的分析做出了贡献。在这篇小综述中,我们重点关注 Prnp−/− 细胞系,并总结当前可用的 Prnp−/− 细胞系及其特征。此外,我们还介绍了敲除或敲低 PrP 基因的细胞系生成方法的最新进展。我们还讨论了这些细胞系如何为 PrP 功能提供有价值的见解并展示未来的前景。
Elucidation of prion protein (PrP) functions is crucial to fully understand prion diseases. A major approach to studying PrP functions is the use of PrP gene-knockout (Prnp−/−) mice. So far, six types of Prnp−/− mice have been generated, demonstrating the promiscuous functions of PrP. Recently, other PrP family members, such as Doppel and Shadoo, have been found. However, information obtained from comparative studies of structural and functional analyses of these PrP family proteins do not fully reveal PrP functions. Recently, varieties of Prnp−/− cell lines established from Prnp−/− mice have contributed to the analysis of PrP functions. In this mini-review, we focus on Prnp−/− cell lines and summarize currently available Prnp−/− cell lines and their characterizations. In addition, we introduce the recent advances in the methodology of cell line generation with knockout or knockdown of the PrP gene. We also discuss how these cell lines have provided valuable insights into PrP functions and show future perspectives.
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