Modeling human embryo development with embryonic and extra-embryonic stem cells.

Modeling human embryo development with embryonic and extra-embryonic stem cells.
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利用胚胎和胚胎外干细胞模拟人类胚胎发育。

DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.12.010
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发表时间:
2021-06
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Zernicka-Goetz M
Zernicka-Goetz M
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Weatherbee BAT;Cui T;Zernicka-Goetz M

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早期人类着床后发育包括广泛的生长和一系列复杂的形态发生事件。对这些过程缺乏精确的空间和时间控制会导致流产。鉴于研究自然人类胚胎的伦理和技术限制,需要其他方法来研究人类发育这一关键阶段的机制。在这里,我们提出了一个概述不同的干细胞和干细胞衍生的模型,作为有用的,虽然不完美,在了解人类胚胎发生的工具。目前的模型包括代表三种最早谱系中的每一种的干细胞:对应于上胚层的人胚胎干细胞、下胚层样干细胞和滋养层干细胞。我们还回顾了使用人类胚胎干细胞来模拟上胚层形态发生和分化的复杂方面。此外,我们提出,胚胎干细胞和胚胎外干细胞的组合,形成三维胚胎模型将提供有价值的见解细胞化学和机械相互作用,是必不可少的自然胚胎发生。
Early human post-implantation development involves extensive growth combined with a series of complex morphogenetic events. The lack of precise spatial and temporal control over these processes leads to pregnancy loss. Given the ethical and technical limitations in studying the natural human embryo, alternative approaches are needed to investigate mechanisms underlying this critical stage of human development. Here, we present an overview of the different stem cells and stem cell-derived models which serve as useful, albeit imperfect, tools in understanding human embryogenesis. Current models include stem cells that represent each of the three earliest lineages: human embryonic stem cells corresponding to the epiblast, hypoblast-like stem cells and trophoblast stem cells. We also review the use of human embryonic stem cells to model complex aspects of epiblast morphogenesis and differentiation. Additionally, we propose that the combination of both embryonic and extra-embryonic stem cells to form three-dimensional embryo models will provide valuable insights into cell-cell chemical and mechanical interactions that are essential for natural embryogenesis.
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