Disseminating innovations in health care
Disseminating innovations in health care
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.289.15.1969
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发表时间：
2003-04-16
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Berwick, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berwick, DM
医疗保健中有大量基于证据的创新，然而，即使这些创新在一个地方成功实施，它们也往往传播得很慢--如果有的话。创新的扩散在包括医疗保健在内的所有行业都是一个重大挑战。本文考察了创新传播的理论和研究，并建议将该理论应用于医疗保健。它详细地探讨了影响创新在组织内扩散速度的三个方面：对创新的看法，可能采用变化的个人的特征，以及组织内的背景和管理因素。这一理论为希望加快创新在其组织内扩散速度的医疗保健高管提供了至少7条合理的建议：找到合理的创新，找到并支持“创新者”，投资于“早期采用者”，使早期采用者的活动可观察到，信任和支持再创造创造变革的松懈，并以身作则。
Health care is rich in evidence-based innovations, yet even when such innovations are implemented successfully in one location, they often disseminate slowly-if at all. Diffusion of innovations is a major challenge in all industries including health care. This article examines the theory and research on the dissemination of innovations and suggests applications of that theory to health care. It explores in detail 3 clusters of influence on the rate of diffusion of innovations within an organization: the perceptions of the innovation, the characteristics of the individuals who may adopt the change, and contextual and managerial factors within the organization. This theory makes plausible at least 7 recommendations for health care executives who want to accelerate the rate of diffusion of innovations within their organizations: find sound innovations, find and, support "innovators, " invest in "early adopters, " make early adopter activity observable, trust and enable reinvention create slack for change, and lead by example.