Behavioral Economic Analysis of Cue-Elicited Craving for Tobacco: A Virtual Reality Study
Behavioral Economic Analysis of Cue-Elicited Craving for Tobacco: A Virtual Reality Study
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/nts341
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
MacKillop, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acker, John;MacKillop, James
引言：主观渴望是烟草动机研究中的一个重要构念；然而，对烟草渴望的精确测量带来了一些困难。一种理解药物动机的行为经济学方法引入了经济学的概念和方法来改进对渴望的评估。方法：采用沉浸式虚拟现实（VR）线索反应范式，本研究验证了一个假设，即与中性线索相比，烟草线索会导致47名社区常规吸烟者的主观渴望和不同方面的烟草需求显著增加。此外，该研究还考察了这些动机指数与双组分延迟和卷烟消费自我管理范式的关系。结果：在VR烟草提示下，烟草渴望和O-max（即香烟的最大总支出）和Breakpoint（即消费完全被抑制的价格）的需求指数显著增加，而弹性（即香烟价格敏感性降低）的需求指数显著降低。连续分析显示，O-max和强度与延迟持续时间呈趋势水平负相关，主观渴望、O-max和弹性与购买香烟数量呈显著正相关。结论：本研究结果为行为经济学概念和方法在理解吸烟动机方面的效用提供了进一步的证据。这些数据还揭示了行为经济指标在预测体内香烟消费方面的增量贡献。讨论了与以往研究的关系和方法考虑。
Introduction: Subjective craving is a prominent construct in the study of tobacco motivation; yet, the precise measurement of tobacco craving poses several difficulties. A behavioral economic approach to understanding drug motivation imports concepts and methods from economics to improve the assessment of craving.Methods: Using an immersive virtual reality (VR) cue reactivity paradigm, this study tested the hypothesis that, compared with neutral cues, tobacco cues would result in significant increases in subjective craving and diverse aspects of demand for tobacco in a community sample of 47 regular smokers. In addition, the study examined these motivational indices in relation to a dual-component delay and cigarette consumption self-administration paradigm.Results: In response to the VR tobacco cues, significant increases were observed for tobacco craving and the demand indices of O-max (i.e., maximum total expenditure toward cigarettes) and Breakpoint (i.e., price at which consumption is completely suppressed), whereas a significant decrease was observed for Elasticity (i.e., lower cigarette price sensitivity). Continuous analyses revealed trend-level inverse associations between O-max and Intensity in relation to delay duration and significant positive associations between subjective craving, O-max, and Elasticity in relation to the number of cigarettes purchased.Conclusions: The results from this study provide further evidence for the utility of behavioral economic concepts and methods in understanding smoking motivation. These data also reveal the incremental contribution of behavioral economic indices beyond subjective craving in predicting in vivo cigarette consumption. Relationships to previous studies and methodological considerations are discussed.