Structural chromosome rearrangements and polymorphisms identified in Chinese wheat cultivars by high-resolution multiplex oligonucleotide FISH
Structural chromosome rearrangements and polymorphisms identified in Chinese wheat cultivars by high-resolution multiplex oligonucleotide FISH
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利用高分辨率多重寡核苷酸 FISH 鉴定中国小麦品种的结构染色体重排和多态性
DOI：
10.1007/s00122-018-3126-2
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Chen, Peidu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Xinyi;Zhu, Minqiu;Chen, Peidu
关键信息高分辨率多重寡核苷酸荧光原位杂交技术揭示了广泛种植的小麦品种及其创始人染色体结构重排和多态性的频繁发生。为了解育种选择对染色体结构变异的影响，采用基于重复序列的寡核苷酸复合探针荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术，对中国春（CS）和373个中国栽培品种的高分辨率核型进行了比较研究。其中148份（39.7%）含有14种结构重排，包括3种单易位（简称T）、8种相互易位（简称RT）、1种臂间倒位（简称perInv）和2种既有缺失又有单易位的组合变异。其中PerInv 6 B在Funo、Abbondanza和Fan 6的57个品种中检测到，T1 RS 11BL在Lovrin系列的47个品种中检测到，RT 4AS 14 AL-1DS/1DL 11 DS-4AL在马扎麦和比马4的31个品种中检测到，RT 1 RS 17 DL/7 DS 11BL在矮蒙牛的3个品种中检测到，RT 5 BS 5 BL-5DL/5DS 5DL-5 BL只在优紫麦中检测到。除了结构重排，167个多态性染色体块（定义为分布在染色体内的寡核苷酸重复探针的独特信号模式）被确定，和59个存在于一个或多个创始人。某些特异类型在中国小麦品种中出现频率较高，表明存在选择性阻滞。在染色体水平上，供试品种和对照可分为4个类群和15个亚群。在同一亚组中出现了共同的阻滞模式。起源，地理分布，可能适应特定的环境，和潜在的使用这些染色体重排和块进行了讨论。
Key messageHigh-resolution multiplex oligonucleotide FISH revealed the frequent occurrence of structural chromosomal rearrangements and polymorphisms in widely grown wheat cultivars and their founders.AbstractOver 2000 wheat cultivars including 19 founders were released and grown in China from 1949 to 2000. To understand the impact of breeding selection on chromosome structural variations, high-resolution karyotypes of Chinese Spring (CS) and 373 Chinese cultivars were developed and compared by FISH (fluorescencein situhybridization) using an oligonucleotide multiplex probe based on repeat sequences. Among them, 148 (39.7%) accessions carried 14 structural rearrangements including three single translocations (designated asT), eight reciprocal translocations (RT), one pericentric inversion (perInv), and two combined variations having both the deletion and single translocations. Five rearrangements were traced to eight founders, including perInv 6B detected in 57 cultivars originating from Funo, Abbondanza, and Fan 6, T 1RS∙1BL in 47 cultivars derived from the Lovrin series, RT 4AS∙4AL-1DS/1DL∙1DS-4AL in 31 varieties from Mazhamai and Bima 4, RT 1RS∙7DL/7DS∙1BL in three cultivars was from Aimengniu, and RT 5BS∙5BL-5DL/5DS∙5DL-5BL was only detected in Youzimai. In addition to structural rearrangements, 167 polymorphic chromosome blocks (defined as unique signal patterns of oligonucleotide repeat probes distributed within chromosomes) were identified, and 59 were present in one or more founders. Some specific types were present at high frequencies indicating selective blocks in Chinese wheat varieties. All cultivars and CS were clustered into four groups and 15 subgroups at chromosome level. Common block patterns occurred in the same subgroup. Origin, geographic distribution, probable adaptation to specific environments, and potential use of these chromosomal rearrangements and blocks are discussed.