The plastic-associated microorganisms of the North Pacific Gyre
The plastic-associated microorganisms of the North Pacific Gyre
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.054
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发表时间：
2013-10-15
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Eriksen, Marcus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carson, Henry S.;Nerheim, Magnus S.;Eriksen, Marcus
微生物可能介导影响海洋塑料污染的命运和影响的过程，包括降解，化学吸附和大型生物的定植或摄入。我们调查了塑料相关微生物群落与位置、温度、盐度、浮游生物丰度、塑料浓度、物品大小、表面粗糙度和聚合物类型等因素之间的关系。使用扫描电子显微镜检查了2011年北太平洋环流表面的小塑料物品。芽孢杆菌属细菌（平均1664 +/-247个个体mm（-2））和羽状硅藻（1097 +/-154 mm（-2））最丰富，存在球状细菌、中心硅藻、甲藻、颗石藻和放射虫。细菌丰度是斑块状的，但在泡沫聚苯乙烯上增加。硅藻丰度增加的项目与粗糙的表面和网站与高塑料浓度。形态丰富度略有增加较大的片段，和pennate硅藻组之间发生的peptigeographic过渡。更好地描述这个社区将有助于了解它如何与塑料污染相互作用。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Microorganisms likely mediate processes affecting the fate and impacts of marine plastic pollution, including degradation, chemical adsorption, and colonization or ingestion by macroorganisms. We investigated the relationship between plastic-associated microorganism communities and factors such as location, temperature, salinity, plankton abundance, plastic concentration, item size, surface roughness, and polymer type. Small plastic items from the surface of the North Pacific Gyre in 2011 were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Bacillus bacteria (mean 1664 +/- 247 individuals mm(-2)) and pennate diatoms (1097 +/- 154 mm(-2)) were most abundant, with coccoid bacteria, centric diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophores, and radiolarians present. Bacterial abundance was patchy, but increased on foamed polystyrene. Diatom abundance increased on items with rough surfaces and at sites with high plastic concentrations. Morphotype richness increased slightly on larger fragments, and a biogeographic transition occurred between pennate diatom groups. Better characterizing this community will aid in understanding how it interacts with plastic pollution. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.