Motor-iconicity of sign language does not alter the neural systems underlying tool and action naming
Motor-iconicity of sign language does not alter the neural systems underlying tool and action naming
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DOI：
10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00309-2
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bellugi, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emmorey, K;Grabowski, T;Bellugi, U
正电子发射断层扫描被用来调查是否在美国手语（ASL）的某些形式的电机图标的基础上部分改变词汇提取过程中参与的神经系统。大多数表示工具的美国手语名词和表示基于工具的动作的美国手语动词都是用手形来表示人类手持工具，并用一个描绘规范工具使用的标志性运动来产生的，而动物符号的视觉象似性则更特殊，并且在符号之间不一致。我们研究了在美国手语中，一个符号和它的指称之间的运动象似关系是否改变了词汇提取的神经基础。10名聋人本地ASL签名者观看了工具/器皿或有或没有实施的行动的照片，并被要求公开地为每个对象或行动产生ASL标志。控制任务要求受试者判断未知面孔的方向。与控制任务相比，命名工具主要作用于左侧额下回、额中回、双侧顶叶和后颞下皮层。在使用或不使用工具的情况下，左侧额下回、双侧顶叶和颞枕交界处（MT区）的后中颞回进行了切割。当将运动图标动词与非图标动词进行比较时，没有发现神经激活的差异。总的来说，结果表明，即使符号的形式与哑剧手势无法区分，其产生的神经系统也反映了当听到说话者用语音命名工具或基于工具的动作时所参与的神经系统。(C)2003年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Positron emission tomography was used to investigate whether the motor-iconic basis of certain forms in American Sign Language (ASL) partially alters the neural systems engaged during lexical retrieval. Most ASL nouns denoting tools and ASL verbs referring to tool-based actions are produced with a handshape representing the human hand holding a tool and with an iconic movement depicting canonical tool use, whereas the visual iconicity of animal signs is more idiosyncratic and inconsistent across signs. We investigated whether the motor-iconic relation between a sign and its referent alters the neural substrate for lexical retrieval in ASL. Ten deaf native ASL signers viewed photographs of tools/utensils or of actions performed with or without an implement and were asked to overtly produce the ASL sign for each object or action. The control task required subjects to judge the orientation of unknown faces. Compared to the control task, naming tools engaged left inferior and middle frontal gyri, bilateral parietal lobe, and posterior inferotemporal cortex. Naming actions performed with or without a tool engaged left inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral parietal lobe, and posterior middle temporal gyrus at the temporo-occipital junction (area MT). When motor-iconic verbs were compared with non-iconic verbs, no differences in neural activation were found. Overall, the results indicate that even when the form of a sign is indistinguishable from a pantomimic gesture, the neural systems underlying its production mirror those engaged when hearing speakers name tools or tool-based actions with speech. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.