Child malnutrition in Mexico in the last two decades: prevalence using the new WHO 2006 growth standards.
Child malnutrition in Mexico in the last two decades: prevalence using the new WHO 2006 growth standards.
复制标题
过去二十年墨西哥儿童营养不良：使用世界卫生组织 2006 年新生长标准的患病率。
DOI：
10.1590/s0036-36342009001000004
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
E. Monterrubio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teresa González;J. Rivera;Dinorah González;M. Unar;E. Monterrubio
客观化
使用世卫组织-2006年标准和国家卫生统计中心/世卫组织参考资料，描述1988年、1999年和2006年墨西哥国民营养调查中墨西哥儿童学龄前营养不良的流行情况和趋势。
材料和方法
计算营养不良(体重/年龄、身高/年龄和体重/身高)和超重(>；加上体重/身高的z分数)的患病率。
结果
身高/年龄和体重/身高随着时间的推移而增加(p<；0.05)。根据WHO-2006标准，1988年、1999年和2006年，5岁以下儿童的发育迟缓率分别为26.9%、21.5%和15.5%，消失率分别为6.2%、2.1%和2.0%。2006年，非常年轻(<；6个月)的消失率很高(4.9%)。超重从1988年到1999年上升(6.1%至7.5%)，并在2006年稳定(7.6%)。种族和社会经济群体之间的差距随着时间的推移而缩小。
结论
发育迟缓明显减少，但仍然是主要的营养不良问题。在年轻人中，超重已经成为一个公共健康问题。先前公布的较低的NCHS/WHO估计数低估了真实流行率。12个月后身高的长度偏差表明婴儿喂养方法不佳，可能再加上早期感染。结果加强了提高营养计划质量的必要性，并在墨西哥促进适当的哺乳和婴儿喂养做法。
OBJECTIVE
To describe preschool malnutrition prevalence and trends in Mexican children for the 1988, 1999 and 2006 Mexican National Nutrition Surveys using WHO-2006 standards and National Center for Health Statistics/WHO (NCHS/WHO) references.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Prevalence of undernutrition (< minus 2 z-score for weight/age, height/age and weight/height) and overweight (> plus 2 z-score for weight/height) were calculated.
RESULTS
Height/age and weight/height have increased over time (p< 0.05). Using WHO-2006 standards, stunting in children less than 5 years years old was 26.9%, 21.5% and 15.5% in 1988, 1999 and 2006, respectively; values for wasting were 6.2%, 2.1% and 2.0%, respectively. Wasting in the very young (< 6 mo) in 2006 is high (4.9%). Overweight increased from 1988 to 1999 (6.1% to 7.5%) and stabilized in 2006 (7.6%). Gaps among ethnic and socioeconomic groups have decreased over time.
CONCLUSIONS
Stunting has decreased markedly but continues to be the main malnutrition problem. Overweight has emerged as a public health problem in the young. Lower NCHS/WHO estimates previously published underestimated true prevalence. Length deviations in attained height after 12 months indicate poor infant feeding practices, probably coupled with early infections. Results reinforce the need to improve the quality of nutrition programs and to promote adequate lactation and infant feeding practices in Mexico.