Blood-brain barrier derangement after electrical brain stimulation
Blood-brain barrier derangement after electrical brain stimulation
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DOI：
10.29245/2572.942x/2017/10.1162
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
I. Takashima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Takashima
非侵入性脑刺激方法，包括重复经颅磁刺激和经颅直流电刺激（tDCS），近年来在神经系统疾病的研究和治疗中得到了相当大的关注。在这些方法中，tDCS被认为特别有前途，因为它易于使用，并且能够赋予大脑兴奋性极性依赖效应，使其成为神经和精神疾病临床治疗的绝佳选择。虽然通常认为tDCS在遵循标准方案时是安全的，但tDCS对脑血管和血脑屏障（BBB）功能的影响仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们概述了脑屏障功能背景下的tDCS，总结了目前的文献，并讨论了未来研究的意义。迄今为止，在人类受试者中，未见弱tDCS刺激后血脑屏障发生改变或损伤的报道；然而，一些动物研究报告了在tDCS强度增加后血脑屏障功能的改变，研究之间用于产生这些血脑屏障破坏的有效tDCS极性不一致。需要进一步的研究来评估tDCS在不同条件下对血脑屏障的影响。最后，我们讨论了tDCS增强药物传递到中枢神经系统的潜力，随着我们对tDCS对血脑屏障通透性影响的理解的完善，这可能成为可能。
Noninvasive brain stimulation methods, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have received considerable attention in recent years for use in the study and treatment of neurological conditions. Of these methods, tDCS is considered particularly promising due to its ease of use and ability to confer polarity-dependent effects on brain excitability, making it an excellent option for clinical treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases. While generally regarded as safe when following standard protocols, the effects of tDCS on cerebral blood vessels and blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions remain poorly understood. Here, we provide an overview of tDCS in the context of BBB function, summarize the current literature, and discuss implications for future research. To date, no alterations or damage to the BBB have been reported after weak tDCS stimulations in human subjects; however, some animal studies have reported alterations to BBB function following increased tDCS intensity, with inconsistencies in the effective tDCS polarity used to produce these BBB disruptions between studies. Further research will be necessary to evaluate the effects of tDCS on the BBB under various conditions. Finally, we discuss the potential of tDCS for enhancing drug delivery to the central nervous system, which may become possible as we refine our understanding of the effects of tDCS on BBB permeability.