Can helmet design reduce the risk of concussion in football?
Can helmet design reduce the risk of concussion in football?
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DOI：
10.3171/2014.1.jns13916
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
S. Rowson;Stefan M. Duma;R. Greenwald;J. Beckwith;J. Chu;K. Guskiewicz;J. Mihalik;J. Crisco;Bethany J. Wilcox;T. McAllister;A. Maerlender;S. Broglio;Brock E. Schnebel;S. Anderson;P. G. Brolinson
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Rowson;Stefan M. Duma;R. Greenwald;J. Beckwith;J. Chu;K. Guskiewicz;J. Mihalik;J. Crisco;Bethany J. Wilcox;T. McAllister;A. Maerlender;S. Broglio;Brock E. Schnebel;S. Anderson;P. G. Brolinson
在所有运动项目中，由于参与人数众多以及运动的性质，橄榄球运动在美国的脑震荡发病率最高。虽然人们普遍认为可以通过改变规则和教授正确的应对技术来减少脑震荡的发生率，但对于头盔设计是否也可以减少脑震荡的发生率仍存在争议。对 1833 名大学橄榄球运动员收集的头部撞击数据进行了回顾性分析，这些运动员在比赛和训练中配备了头盔式加速度计阵列。数据收集于 2005 年至 2010 年间，来自 8 支大学橄榄球队：弗吉尼亚理工大学、北卡罗来纳大学、俄克拉荷马大学、达特茅斯学院、布朗大学、明尼苏达大学、印第安纳大学和伊利诺伊大学。对佩戴 Riddell VSR4 和 Riddell Revolution 头盔的球员之间的脑震荡率进行了比较，同时控制了每位球员的头部撞击暴露程度。总共记录了 1,281,444 起头部撞击事件，其中诊断出 64 起脑震荡。与佩戴 VSR4 头盔相比，佩戴 Revolution 头盔发生脑震荡的相对风险为 46.1%（95% CI 28.1%-75.8%）。当控制每位玩家头部撞击的情况时，佩戴 VSR4 头盔和 Revolution 头盔的玩家脑震荡发生率之间存在显着差异 (χ(2) = 4.68，p = 0.0305）。这项研究表明，橄榄球头盔型号之间降低脑震荡风险的能力存在差异。尽管头盔设计可能永远无法阻止足球比赛中所有脑震荡的发生，但有证据表明它可以减少这种伤害的发生率。
Of all sports, football accounts for the highest incidence of concussion in the US due to the large number of athletes participating and the nature of the sport. While there is general agreement that concussion incidence can be reduced through rule changes and teaching proper tackling technique, there remains debate as to whether helmet design may also reduce the incidence of concussion. A retrospective analysis was performed of head impact data collected from 1833 collegiate football players who were instrumented with helmet-mounted accelerometer arrays for games and practices. Data were collected between 2005 and 2010 from 8 collegiate football teams: Virginia Tech, University of North Carolina, University of Oklahoma, Dartmouth College, Brown University, University of Minnesota, Indiana University, and University of Illinois. Concussion rates were compared between players wearing Riddell VSR4 and Riddell Revolution helmets while controlling for the head impact exposure of each player. A total of 1,281,444 head impacts were recorded, from which 64 concussions were diagnosed. The relative risk of sustaining a concussion in a Revolution helmet compared with a VSR4 helmet was 46.1% (95% CI 28.1%-75.8%). When controlling for each player's exposure to head impact, a significant difference was found between concussion rates for players in VSR4 and Revolution helmets (χ(2) = 4.68, p = 0.0305). This study illustrates that differences in the ability to reduce concussion risk exist between helmet models in football. Although helmet design may never prevent all concussions from occurring in football, evidence illustrates that it can reduce the incidence of this injury.