Identifying cost-effective indicators to assess the conservation status of forested habitats in Natura 2000 sites
Identifying cost-effective indicators to assess the conservation status of forested habitats in Natura 2000 sites
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.031
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发表时间：
2008-08-10
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Newton, Adrian C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cantarello, Elena;Newton, Adrian C.
Natura 2000(N2000)网络是欧洲生物多样性保护最重要的行动之一；其主要目的是确保欧洲自然栖息地和野生物种处于有利的保护地位。《生境指令》要求对N2000地点进行监测，并要求成员国向欧盟委员会报告监测结果。然而，人们普遍缺乏对到底应该监测什么以及应该使用哪些方法的了解。本研究旨在找出潜在指标并评估其适宜性，以评估N2000地点森林生境的保护状况。此外，还对监测方法的成本效益进行了评估。在两个N2000站点，即加拿大森林(IT)和新森林(UK)，对三种监测方法进行了评估：(I)样地，(Ii)点样点法和(Iii)目测法。在文献回顾的基础上，选择了与森林结构和组成、枯木蓄积量、树木更新和地面植物组成有关的指标。结果表明，各指标的平均值在样地法和样点法之间没有差异(P>；0.05；配对t检验和Wilcoxon符号等级检验)。然而，所采用的调查方法影响了指标内的差异程度(如Z分数所示)，这是衡量其敏感性的一种衡量标准。指标之间的相关性在两个网站之间有所不同。在所考虑的三种方法中，点横断法在建立和所需总时间方面是最有效的，但每个指标所需时间最长，并且测量的面积最小(P<；0.001，Kruskal-Wallis检验)。目测法评估的是最大的森林面积；然而，基于地块和点样带方法获得的参考值的总分与这种主观方法获得的参考值的总分相关性较差。不同方法之间和不同地点之间的对比结果表明，可能很难制定一种监测N2000地点的一般办法；相反，可能需要一个能够适应个别地点的具体需要和特点的框架。(C)2008爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
The Natura 2000 (N2000) network represents one of the most important actions for biodiversity conservation in Europe; its main aim is to assure the favourable conservation status of Europe's natural habitats and wild species. Monitoring of N2000 sites is required under the Habitats Directive, and Member States are required to report monitoring results to the European Commission. However, there is a widespread lack of understanding about precisely what should be monitored and which methods should be used. This research aimed to identify potential indicators and evaluate their suitability for evaluating the conservation status of forested habitats in N2000 sites. In addition, the cost-effectiveness of monitoring methods was assessed. Three monitoring methods were assessed in two N2000 sites, the Foresta del Cansiglio (IT) and the New Forest (UK): (i) sample plots, (ii) a point-transect method and (iii) a visual assessment method. Indicators were selected on the basis of a literature review, and related to forest structure and composition, dead wood volume, tree regeneration and ground flora composition. Results suggested that mean values of indicators did not differ between the plot and the point-transect-based methods (P > 0.05; paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test). However, the survey method employed influenced the extent of variation within the indicators (as indicated by Z scores), a measure of their sensitivity. Correlations between indicators differed between the two sites. Of the three methods considered, the point-transect method was the most efficient in terms of set-up and total time required, but required the longest time per indicator and surveyed the smallest area (P < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). The visual assessment method assessed the largest forest area; however, total scores of the reference values obtained from the plot-based and point-transect methods were poorly correlated with those obtained from this subjective approach. The contrasting results obtained between different methods and between different sites suggest that a general approach to monitoring N2000 sites may be difficult to develop; rather, a framework that can be adapted to the specific needs and characteristics of individual sites may be required. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.