Duration of the stem elongation period influences the number of fertile florets in wheat and barley
Duration of the stem elongation period influences the number of fertile florets in wheat and barley
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DOI：
10.1071/pp00021
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Slafer, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Miralles, DJ;Richards, RA;Slafer, GA
温带谷物产量的增加与谷物数量的增加有关。进行了一项试验，以研究是否改变小麦和大麦的茎伸长期的持续时间增加小花育性，从而增加籽粒数。在自然光照的人工气候室中种植了光周期响应的春小麦（UQ189）和春大麦（Arapiles）。植物生长在恒定的（9，13和19小时）和交替光周期[在终端小穗（TS，小麦）或三重丘（TM，大麦）]，以改变茎伸长期的持续时间。小麦生殖后期从始穗到抽穗的持续时间延长，每穗可育小花数增加。在大麦中观察到类似的关系，但仅在有限的范围内的持续时间的茎伸长期。短光周期降低了小花发育速率，延长了达到可育小花期的时间。穗和茎竞争同化物的后期生殖阶段的持续时间与每穗可育小花的数量有关，这一事实表明，延长谷物茎伸长期可能是减少同化物竞争的一种方法，从而增加可育小花的数量和谷物产量。
Yield increases in temperate cereals have been associated with increases in grain number. An experiment was conducted to investigate whether altering the duration of the stem elongation period in wheat and barley increases floret fertility and thereby grain number. A photoperiod- responsive spring wheat (UQ189) and spring barley (Arapiles) were grown in a naturally lit phytotron. Plants were grown at constant (9, 13 and 19 h) and reciprocally interchanged photoperiod [at terminal spikelet (TS, wheat) or triple mound (TM, barley)] to alter the duration of the stem elongation period. An increased duration of the late reproductive phase from TS to heading in wheat resulted in more fertile florets per spike. A similar relationship was observed in barley but only for a limited range of duration of the stem elongation period. Shorter photoperiods reduced the rate of floret development and extended the time to reach the fertile floret stage. The fact that the duration of the late reproductive phase during which the spike and stem competing for assimilates was associated with the number of fertile florets per spike suggests that extending the stem elongation period in cereals could be a way to reduce assimilate competition and thereby increase the number of fertile florets and grain yield.