COMMERCIAL METHODS FOR THE CONTROL OF SEXUAL-MATURATION IN RAINBOW-TROUT (SALMO-GAIRDNERI R)
COMMERCIAL METHODS FOR THE CONTROL OF SEXUAL-MATURATION IN RAINBOW-TROUT (SALMO-GAIRDNERI R)
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DOI：
10.1016/0044-8486(86)90208-5
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发表时间：
1986-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
LINCOLN, RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BYE, VJ;LINCOLN, RF
联合王国鳟鱼养殖场一半以上的产量是雌性鱼种，不育鳟鱼的使用，特别是用于体育渔业和海水养殖，正在增加。生产这些产品的实用性别控制技术就是在这个实验室开发的。它们适合在技术不成熟的农场使用，不需要专门的设备，并且在美观上可以被消费者接受。完全雌性的生产需要雌性基因型的表型雄性亲鱼使来自未处理雌性的卵受精。通过在700°C的温度下喂食含有3 mg kg−117α甲基睾丸素的食物来产生性别反转的雄性。大多数雄性缺乏输精管，需要通过手术取出精液，但缩短雄激素化时间会增加输精管完整的雄性比例。供人类食用的鱼没有经过激素处理。不育的鳟鱼是通过诱导雌性卵的三倍体产生的。在受精后40分钟开始，将卵在28°C下热休克10分钟。达到商业上可接受的存活和无菌水平。本文介绍了详细的技术开发，并认为遗传方法应用于商业化水产养殖的问题。
Over half of the production of United Kingdom trout farms is accounted for by female-only stocks, and the use of sterile trout, particularly for sport fisheries and saltwater culture, is increasing. The practical sex control techniques by which these are produced were developed at this laboratory. They are suitable for use on technically unsophisticated farms, require no specialized equipment and are aesthetically acceptable to the consumer. The production of entirely female stocks requires phenotypically male broodstock of female genotype to fertilize eggs from untreated females. The sex-inversed males are produced by feeding fry for 700°C days with food containing 3 mg kg−117α methyltestosterone. The majority of the males lack sperm ducts, requiring the semen to be removed surgically, but reduced duration androgenization increases the proportion of males with intact ducts. No fish destined for human consumption are treated with hormones. Sterile trout are produced by the induction of triploidy in female eggs. Eggs are heatshocked at 28°C for 10 min, commencing 40 min after fertilization. Commercially acceptable levels of survival and sterility are achieved. This paper presents details of the techniques developed and considers the problems of applying genetic methods to commercial aquaculture.