Global change and local solutions: Tapping the unrealized potential of citizen science for biodiversity research
Global change and local solutions: Tapping the unrealized potential of citizen science for biodiversity research
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2014.10.021
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Parrish, J. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Theobald, E. J.;Ettinger, A. K.;Parrish, J. K.
人类对生物多样性的集体影响可与定义地球历史的大规模灭绝事件相媲美，但我们庞大的人口是否也提供了记录和应对这场危机的机会？我们对与生物多样性相关的公民科学进行了首次定量审查，以确定这些项目收集的数据是否可以并且目前正在有效地用于生物多样性研究。我们发现了公民科学潜力的有力证据：在我们抽样的项目中（n = 388），大约有 130 万志愿者参与，每年贡献高达 25 亿美元的实物。这些项目在空间和时间范围上超过了大多数联邦资助的研究，并且它们共同采样了广泛的分类多样性。然而，在接受调查的 388 个项目中，只有 12% 明显向同行评审的科学文章提供数据，尽管这些项目中有三分之一拥有可在线访问的可验证、标准化数据。影响发表的因素包括项目空间规模和寿命、拥有公开可用的数据，以及科学严谨性的一种衡量标准（分类鉴定培训）。由于公民科学数据的发表率较低，大规模且不断发展的公民科学运动可能只实现了其对科学研究界潜在影响的一小部分。加强科学过程中专业和非专业参与者之间的联系将使这一大数据资源能够得到更好的利用，以了解和解决全球变化对生物多样性的影响。 (C) 2014 年作者。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。这是一篇遵循 CC BY-NC-SA 许可证 (http://creativecommons.orgflicenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) 的开放获取文章。
The collective impact of humans on biodiversity rivals mass extinction events defining Earth's history, but does our large population also present opportunities to document and contend with this crisis? We provide the first quantitative review of biodiversity-related citizen science to determine whether data collected by these projects can be, and are currently being, effectively used in biodiversity research. We find strong evidence of the potential of citizen science: within projects we sampled (n = 388), similar to 1.3 million volunteers participate, contributing up to $2.5 billion in-kind annually. These projects exceed most federally-funded studies in spatial and temporal extent, and collectively they sample a breadth of taxonomic diversity. However, only 12% of the 388 projects surveyed obviously provide data to peer-reviewed scientific articles, despite the fact that a third of these projects have verifiable, standardized data that are accessible online. Factors influencing publication included project spatial scale and longevity and having publically available data, as well as one measure of scientific rigor (taxonomic identification training). Because of the low rate at which citizen science data reach publication, the large and growing citizen science movement is likely only realizing a small portion of its potential impact on the scientific research community. Strengthening connections between professional and non-professional participants in the scientific process will enable this large data resource to be better harnessed to understand and address global change impacts on biodiversity. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.orgflicenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).