Multibeam Focal Plane Arrays With Digital Beamforming for High Precision Space-Borne Ocean Remote Sensing
Multibeam Focal Plane Arrays With Digital Beamforming for High Precision Space-Borne Ocean Remote Sensing
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DOI：
10.1109/tap.2017.2763174
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
O. Iupikov;M. Ivashina;N. Skou;C. Cappellin;K. Pontoppidan;C. V. '. van ’t Klooster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Iupikov;M. Ivashina;N. Skou;C. Cappellin;K. Pontoppidan;C. V. '. van ’t Klooster
目前在低微波频率下工作的海洋遥感仪器空间分辨率有限，无法监测沿海沃茨。这是由于在卫星平台上采用大型反射器天线以及在多个频率下生成高质量笔形波束的困难。本文利用数字波束形成焦平面阵列（FPA）的最新进展来克服上述问题。这种新型的多波束辐射计的整体设计过程已经开发出来，其中：1）天线系统的规格是直接从未来的卫星任务的海洋调查的要求和2）FPA元件/接收器的数量是通过一个专用的最佳波束形成过程确定最小化的距离海岸。这种方法已被应用于合成FPA的两个替代辐射计系统：一个圆锥形扫描仪与偏移抛物面反射器和一个固定的宽扫描环面反射器系统，每个操作在$C$ -，$X$ -，和Ku波段。数值结果预测，这两个系统具有良好的波束性能，在陆地上的总接收功率低至0.14%。
The present-day ocean remote sensing instruments that operate at low microwave frequencies are limited in spatial resolution and do not allow for monitoring of the coastal waters. This is due to the difficulties of employing a large reflector antenna on a satellite platform, and generating high-quality pencil beams at multiple frequencies. Recent advances in digital beamforming focal-plane arrays (FPAs) have been exploited in this paper to overcome the above problems. A holistic design procedure for such novel multibeam radiometers has been developed, where: 1) the antenna system specifications are derived directly from the requirements to oceanographic surveys for future satellite missions and 2) the numbers of FPA elements/receivers are determined through a dedicated optimum beamforming procedure minimizing the distance to coast. This approach has been applied to synthesize FPAs for two alternative radiometer systems: a conical scanner with an offset parabolic reflector and a stationary wide-scan torus reflector system, each operating at $C$ -, $X$ -, and Ku-bands. Numerical results predict excellent beam performance for both systems with as low as 0.14% total received power over the land.