FLUID MECHANIC CONSTRAINTS ON SPIDER BALLOONING
FLUID MECHANIC CONSTRAINTS ON SPIDER BALLOONING
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00385267
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发表时间：
1987-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
HUMPHREY, JAC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HUMPHREY, JAC
早期的研究指出，气球是蜘蛛扩散的一个重要机制。然而，大多数研究的重点是收集和解释观察结果，目的是确定分散人口的统计特征及其与生物因素的关系。除了少数例外，机械地限制气球活动的重要物理因素被忽视或简单地忽略了。特别重要的是影响气球活动的启动和维持的各种流体力学现象。参照一个简单的力学模型，模拟的基本阻力特性的气球蜘蛛丝系统，一个区域被定义，在有关的物理参数，在其中的气球活动可以启动。扩展的模型允许的垂直风振荡的影响的气球蜘蛛丝系统的速度和轨迹的数值调查。结果提出和讨论，以说明相对重要性，气球的阻力蜘蛛的身体和下沉丝，它是重视。
Early investigations point to ballooning as an important mechanism for the dispersal of spiders. Most studies, however, have focused on collecting and interpreting observations with the aim of establishing the statistical characteristics of the dispersed population and their relation to biotic factors. With few exceptions, important physical factors that mechanically constrain the ballooning activity have been neglected or simply ignored. Especially important are various fluid mechanics phenomena that affect the initiation and maintenance of the ballooning activity. By reference to a simple mechanical model that simulates the essential drag characteristics of the ballooning spider-filament system, a region is defined, in terms of the relevant physical parameters, within which the ballooning activity can be initiated. Extension of the model allows a numerical investigation of the influence of vertical wind oscillations on the velocities and trajectories of ballooning spider-filament systems. Results are presented and discussed to illustrate the relative importance to ballooning of drag on the spider''s body and on the sink filament to which it is attached.