Finite-rate and equilibrium study of graphite ablation under arc-jet conditions

Finite-rate and equilibrium study of graphite ablation under arc-jet conditions
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电弧喷射条件下石墨烧蚀的有限速率和平衡研究

DOI:
10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.106069
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Martin, Alexandre
Martin, Alexandre
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zibitsker, Aleksander L.;McQuaid, Joel A.;Stern, Eric C.;Palmer, Grant E.;Libben, Benjamin J.;Brehm, Christoph;Martin, Alexandre

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电弧喷射设备在再现大气层进入飞行器所经历的飞行条件方面发挥着主要作用,并被广泛用于测试热防护材料的性能。在这项工作中,我们利用开发的耦合框架之间的溢流求解器CHAMPS NBS-Cart,和材料求解器KATS-MR电弧喷射条件下研究石墨的烧蚀。我们实现了一个12种气相模型,以准确地表示空气-碳的混合物,包括氩物种存在于流中。气相采用双温热化学非平衡模型,不考虑电子和电离效应。气体与表面的相互作用建模与新开发的空气碳烧蚀模型占氧化,氮化,和重组反应。此外,该模型与碳升华反应在高温条件下经历了增强。表面的化学状态与流动求解器紧密耦合,从而提高了模拟的准确性和有效性。耦合的方法是适用于研究两个实验测试情况下进行的IHF电弧喷射设施在美国宇航局艾姆斯。预测的结果进行验证,对测量的衰退,表面和深度的温度和预测的解耦,平衡为基础的方法相比。最后,预测的准确性进行了探索与环境属性,如扩散系数,和材料的热导率。
Arc-jet facilities play a primary role in recreating aerothermal conditions experienced by atmospheric entry vehicles and are widely used to test the performance of thermal protection materials. In this work, we utilize a developed coupled framework between an overset flow solver CHAMPS NBS-Cart, and a material solver KATS-MR to study the ablation of graphite under arc-jet conditions. We implement a 12-species gas phase model to accurately represent the air-carbon mixture, including argon species present in the flow. The gas phase is modeled with a two-temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium model without considering electronic and ionization effects. The gas-surface interactions are modeled with a newly developed air-carbon ablation model accounting for oxidation, nitridation, and recombination reactions. In addition, the model is augmented with carbon sublimation reactions experienced at high heating conditions. The chemical state at the surface is tightly coupled with the flow solver, resulting in the improved accuracy and effectiveness of the simulation. The coupled approach is applied to study two experimental test cases conducted at the IHF arc-jet facility at NASA Ames. The predicted results are validated against measured recession, surface, and in-depth temperatures and compared to the prediction of the uncoupled, equilibrium-based approach. Finally, the accuracy of the prediction is explored with respect to the environmental properties, such as the diffusion coefficient, and material thermal conductivity.
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