Assessing heavy metal sources in agricultural soils of an European Mediterranean area by multivariate analysis
Assessing heavy metal sources in agricultural soils of an European Mediterranean area by multivariate analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.03.016
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Sanchez, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mico, C.;Recatala, L.;Sanchez, J.
根据《欧洲土壤保护专题战略》，有必要确定土壤中重金属的含量和来源，以便在区域一级建立质量标准，从而能够检测受污染影响的采样点。在这方面，在阿利坎特省（西班牙），欧洲地中海地区的代表性地区，蔬菜作物下的54个农业土壤的表层取样，以确定镉，钴，铬，铜，铁，锰，镍，铅和锌的含量。样品经微波消解后，用原子吸收光谱法进行分析测定。结果表明，重金属含量与地中海地区其他地区农业土壤的作者报道的相似，但某些样品中的Cu和Ph除外。进行多变量分析（主成分分析和聚类分析），以确定一个共同的重金属来源。此外，土壤性质的测定，以表征农业土壤和分析重金属含量与土壤性质之间的关系。Co、Cr、Fe、Mn、Ni和Zn的含量与母岩有关，对应于第一主成分，称为成岩成分。成石金属与土壤有机质、粘粒含量、碳酸盐等土壤性质之间存在着显著的相关性，表明它们之间存在着重要的相互作用。另一方面，Cd、Cu和Ph等元素与人类活动有关，构成第二主成分（Cu和Ph）和第三主成分（U），称为人为成分。一般来说，Cd，Cu和Ph表现出较低的相关性与土壤性质，由于事实上，他们仍然在这些农业土壤中的有效形式。考虑到这些结果和欧洲地中海区域其他地区取得的其他成果，可以得出结论，非常需要土壤质量标准，以宣布土壤受到人为污染的影响。这与人为金属（镉、铜和铅，在某些地区还有锌）特别相关。在本区域其他农业地区开展进一步研究，将改善提出此类土壤质量标准的基础。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
According to the European Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, the characterization of the content and source of heavy metals in soils are necessary to establish quality standards on a regional level that allow the detection of sampling sites affected by pollution. In relation to this, the surface horizons of 54 agricultural soils under vegetable crops in the Alicante province (Spain), a representative area of the European Mediterranean region, were sampled to determine the content of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Analytical determinations were performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy after microwave sample digestion in acid solution. Results indicated that heavy metal levels were similar to those reported by authors working on agricultural soils from other parts of the Mediterranean region, with the exception of Cu and Ph in some samples. Multivariate analysis (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) was performed to identify a common source for heavy metals. Moreover, soil properties were determined in order to characterize agricultural soils and to analyze relationships between heavy metal contents and soil properties. The content of Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn were associated with parent rocks and corresponded to the first principal component called the lithogenic component. A significant correlation was found between lithogenic metals and some soil properties such as soil organic matter, clay content, and carbonates, indicating an important interaction among them. On the other hand, elements such as Cd, Cu and Ph were related to anthropic activities and comprised the second (Cu and Ph) and third principal components (U), designated the anthropogenic components. Generally, Cd, Cu and Ph showed a lower correlation with soil properties due to the fact that they remain in available forms in these agricultural soils. Taking into account these results and other achieved in other parts of the European Mediterranean region, it can be concluded that soil quality standards are highly needed to declare soils affected by human induced pollution. This is particularly relevant for anthropogenic metals (Cd, Cu and Pb, and in some areas also Zn). Further research in other agricultural areas of the region would improve the basis for proposing such soil quality standards. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.