Family History of Alzheimer's Disease is Associated with Impaired Perceptual Discrimination of Novel Objects.
Family History of Alzheimer's Disease is Associated with Impaired Perceptual Discrimination of Novel Objects.
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DOI：
10.3233/jad-160772
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ally BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mason EJ;Hussey EP;Molitor RJ;Ko PC;Donahue MJ;Ally BA
早期发现可能是开发治疗阿尔茨海默病（AD）的关键。已经一致地证明，AD的主要病理之一tau在临床诊断之前几十年就存在于大脑中。Tau病理学遵循从内嗅和嗅周皮质开始的通过内侧颞叶的常规路线。如果早期病理学导致非常微妙的行为变化，那么在目前可以进行临床诊断之前几年就可以检测到受试者的这些变化。我们的目的是发现认知正常的中年人（40-60岁），由于家族史而增加AD的风险，是否会在已知挑战嗅周皮层的认知任务上表现受损。使用一个奇怪的检测任务，我们发现，有AD家族史的受试者的准确性降低，而没有表现出收购率的差异。受试者的内侧颞叶体积或皮质厚度之间没有差异，表明行为的变化不是由于显著的萎缩。这些结果表明，感知处理的细微变化是可检测的几年前一个典型的诊断，即使有没有差异，在结构成像数据检测。解剖学靶向认知测试可能有助于识别AD最早阶段的受试者。
Early detection may be the key to developing therapies that will combat Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It has been consistently demonstrated that one of the main pathologies of AD, tau, is present in the brain decades before a clinical diagnosis. Tau pathology follows a stereotypical route through the medial temporal lobe beginning in the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices. If early pathology leads to very subtle changes in behavior, it may be possible to detect these changes in subjects years before a clinical diagnosis can currently be made. We aimed to discover if cognitively normal middle-aged adults (40–60 years old) at increased risk for AD due to family history would have impaired performance on a cognitive task known to challenge the perirhinal cortex. Using an oddity detection task, we found that subjects with a family history of AD had lowered accuracy without demonstrating differences in rate of acquisition. There were no differences between subjects’ medial temporal lobe volume or cortical thickness, indicating that the changes in behavior were not due to significant atrophy. These results demonstrate that subtle changes in perceptual processing are detectable years before a typical diagnosis even when there are no differences detectable in structural imaging data. Anatomically-targeted cognitive testing may be useful in identifying subjects in the earliest stages of AD.