Parallel striatal and hippocampal systems for landmarks and boundaries in spatial memory
Parallel striatal and hippocampal systems for landmarks and boundaries in spatial memory
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0801489105
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发表时间：
2008-04-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Burgess, Neil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doeller, Christian F.;King, John A.;Burgess, Neil
以海马体和背侧纹状体为中心的记忆系统如何相互作用以支持行为仍然存在争议。我们使用功能性核磁共振成像，而人们通过在虚拟环境中收集和替换物体来了解物体的位置，该虚拟环境包括地标、圆形边界和远处的方向提示。地标和边界的相对位置偶尔会发生变化，特定物体与一个或其他提示配对，从而使学习和表现相对于任一提示分离。右后海马激活反映了边界相关位置的学习和记忆，而右背侧纹状体激活反映了地标相关位置的学习和记忆。在右侧海马体内，环境变化（空间新颖性）的前部处理与位置的后部处理分离。行为研究表明，地标相关的学习服从联想强化，而边界相关的学习是偶然的[Doeller CF, Burgess IN (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:5909-5914]。边界的独特的偶然海马处理暗示了“几何模块”或“认知图”，并且可以解释海马对“陈述性”或“情景”记忆中的偶然/观察学习的支持与“程序性”记忆中的试错学习的纹状体支持。最后，海马和纹状体系统似乎将“自下而上”与“自上而下”腹内侧前额叶参与相结合，仅影响与它们的激活成比例的行为，而无需直接相互作用，当两者都同样活跃时。
How the memory systems centered on the hippocampus and dorsal striatum interact to support behavior remains controversial. We used functional MRI while people learned the locations of objects by collecting and replacing them over multiple trials within a virtual environment comprising a landmark, a circular boundary, and distant cues for orientation. The relative location of landmark and boundary was occasionally changed, with specific objects paired with one or other cue, allowing dissociation of learning and performance relative to either cue. Right posterior hippocampal activation reflected learning and remembering of boundary-related locations, whereas right dorsal striatal activation reflected learning and remembering of landmark-related locations. Within the right hippocampus, anterior processing of environmental change (spatial novelty) was dissociated from posterior processing of location. Behavioral studies show that landmark-related learning obeys associative reinforcement, whereas boundary-related learning is incidental [Doeller CF, Burgess IN (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:5909-5914]. The distinct incidental hippocampal processing of boundaries is suggestive of a "geometric module" or "cognitive map" and may explain the hippocampal support of incidental/observational learning in "declarative" or "episodic" memory versus the striatal support of trial-and-error learning in "procedural" memory. Finally, the hippocampal and striatal systems appear to combine "bottom-up," simply influencing behavior proportional to their activations, without direct interaction, with "top-down" ventromedial prefrontal involvement when both are similarly active.