Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics
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牛津研究语言学百科全书
DOI：
10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.654
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bentley D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bentley D
存在结构和处所结构在《罗曼蒂克》中形成了一组有趣的联结结构。它们显然是相关的，但从理论上讲，将它们分开是有原因的。对罗曼语的深入分析为罗曼语的分化提供了经验支持。在语义术语中，存在词表示关于在隐含的上下文域中存在或存在的命题，而处所词表示关于实体所在位置的命题。就信息结构而言，存现句通常都是新的或广义的焦点结构。方位词的特点通常是焦点在位置上，尽管这也可以是一个预设的话题。
Existential and locative constructions form an interesting cluster of copular structures in Romance. They are clearly related, and yet there are theoretical reasons to keep them apart. In-depth analysis of the Romance languages lends empirical support to their differentiation. In semantic terms, existentials express propositions about existence or presence in an implicit contextual domain, whereas locatives express propositions about the location of an entity. In terms of information structure, existentials are typically all new or broad focus constructions. Locatives are normally characterized by focus on the location, although this can also be a presupposed topic.