Circannual variation in blood parasitism in a sub-Saharan migrant passerine bird, the garden warbler
Circannual variation in blood parasitism in a sub-Saharan migrant passerine bird, the garden warbler
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.12129
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Bensch, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hellgren, O.;Wood, M. J.;Bensch, S.
了解候鸟中病原体的自然动态是很重要的，例如，了解影响病原体向新的地理区域运输及其传播的因素，而其他病原体的传播可能仅限于特定区域。我们研究了候鸟花园莺西尔维亚·博林体内的血孢子虫疟原虫属、血原虫属和白细胞原虫属。在春季、夏季和初秋，在瑞典的繁殖地、在意大利卡普里岛的迁徙途中以及在西非到达和离开越冬区时对鸟类进行了采样：绘制芬诺斯坎迪亚和卡普里岛花园莺的恢复图表明，这些地点最有可能是在Kvismaren繁殖的花园莺的迁徙飞行路线上。总体而言，血孢子虫患病率为39%，涉及24种不同的寄生虫谱系。在整个迁徙周期中，血寄生虫的流行率变化很大，在繁殖地和秋季迁徙开始时，血寄生虫在种群中流行率相对较高，随后在春季和秋季迁徙期间流行率明显下降。重要的是，我们发现，当检查不同谱系的年际变化时，在属之间和属内出现了显著不同的流行概况。我们的研究结果表明，流行谱的差异要么是不同寄生虫传播策略的结果，要么是宿主和各种寄生虫谱系共同进化的结果。当将寄生虫分为常见和罕见谱系时，我们发现罕见寄生虫的流行率出现了两个高峰；在抵达瑞典繁殖地时，以及在非洲越冬后。我们的研究结果强调了在检查宿主-寄生虫相互作用时适当的分类分辨率的重要性，因为寄生虫属之间和属内的流行率变化可以显示出明显不同的模式。
Knowing the natural dynamics of pathogens in migratory birds is important, for example, to understand the factors that influence the transport of pathogens to and their transmission in new geographical areas, whereas the transmission of other pathogens might be restricted to a specific area. We studied haemosporidian blood parasites of the genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon in a migratory bird, the garden warbler Sylvia borin. Birds were sampled in spring, summer and early autumn at breeding grounds in Sweden, on migration at Capri, Italy and on arrival and departure from wintering staging areas in West Africa: mapping recoveries of garden warblers ringed in Fennoscandia and Capri showed that these sites are most probably on the migratory flyway of garden warblers breeding at Kvismaren. Overall, haemosporidian prevalence was 39%, involving 24 different parasite lineages. Prevalence varied significantly over the migratory cycle, with relatively high prevalence of blood parasites in the population on breeding grounds and at the onset of autumn migration, followed by marked declines in prevalence during migration both on spring and autumn passage. Importantly, we found that when examining circannual variation in the different lineages, significantly different prevalence profiles emerged both between and within genera. Our results suggest that differences in prevalence profiles are the result of either different parasite transmission strategies or coevolution between the host and the various parasite lineages. When separating parasites into common vs. rare lineages, we found that two peaks in the prevalence of rare parasites occur; on arrival at Swedish breeding grounds, and after the wintering period in Africa. Our results stress the importance of appropriate taxonomic resolution when examining host-parasite interactions, as variation in prevalence both between and within parasite genera can show markedly different patterns.