Indigenous common property resource management in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia
Indigenous common property resource management in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1007/s10745-005-5159-9
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Leader-Williams, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashenafi, ZT;Leader-Williams, N
随着以堡垒为基础的保护方法受到越来越多的质疑，更好地了解共同财产资源管理系统和机构对于保护和发展非常重要。本文探讨了土著资源管理系统如何运作并支持对埃塞俄比亚中部高地非洲高山地区的保护。该社区主要关心的是管理他们自己对自然资源的使用，包括收集柴火和茅草，以及牲畜的放牧。最初的共同财产资源管理制度是在以前不为人知的被称为Qero制度的土著制度下运作的，该制度是通过社区施加的制裁和惩罚来执行的。1975年土地改革导致埃塞俄比亚境内传统的土地保有权和土地权制度崩溃后，Qero系统被暂停。在中部高地，用户权利和管理责任转移到包括以前被边缘化的群体。尽管如此，共同财产管理系统已显示出足够的韧性来承受这些变化和压力，并仍在与规定的用户群体和章程一起运作，以规范资源使用和管理该地区。然而，在共同财产制度的前任和现任管理人员之间，对当前和未来管理的态度是两极分化的。
A better understanding of common property resource management systems and institutions is important for conservation and development, as fortress-based approaches towards conservation are increasingly questioned. This paper examines how an indigenous resource management system has operated and supported the protection of an Afro-alpine area in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. The community was mainly concerned to regulate their own use of natural resources, including collection of firewood and thatch, and grazing by livestock. The original common property resource management system operated under a previously undescribed indigenous institution known as the Qero system, which was enforced through sanctions and punishments imposed by the community. The Qero system was suspended following the Agrarian Reform in 1975, which resulted in the breakdown of the traditional land tenure and land rights systems within Ethiopia. In the Central Highlands, user rights and management responsibility shifted to include formerly marginalized groups. Nevertheless, the common property management system has shown sufficient resilience to withstand these changes and pressures, and is still functioning with defined user groups and byelaws to regulate resource use and manage the area. Nevertheless, attitudes to current and future management are polarized between former and present managers of the common property regime.