Recommendations on the use of alcohols for preservation of ant specimens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Recommendations on the use of alcohols for preservation of ant specimens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00040-003-0709-x
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Porter, SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King, JR;Porter, SD
收集者使用不同浓度和类型的酒精来保存蚂蚁标本。我们评估了现有的文献、实验证据和真菌生态学专家的建议，以确定何种类型和浓度的酒精将导致保存最好的标本用于卡点贴装和DNA提取。在我们的实验评估中，我们在三个时间段(24小时、1个月、6个月)内，在4种浓度(70、85、95、100%)的异丙醇和乙醇中杀死并储存了邀请红火蚁(Solenopsis Invicta)、弗罗里达斯弯曲线虫(Camponotus Floridanus)和布氏多刺蚁(Dorymyrmex Bureni)的工作人员。然后，我们比较了标本条件和适应性与安装在卡片点上的操作。样品在95%异丙醇或95%乙醇中储存超过24小时，可产生最好的安装样品。文献综述表明，DNA在95-100%乙醇中保存得最好，这是因为乙醇比其他伯醇能够更快地穿透细胞膜并使DNA酶失活。我们建议一般收集的成年蚂蚁标本应被宰杀并储存在95%的乙醇中。遵循这一建议将导致蚂蚁标本更容易安装为博物馆收藏品，并为分子研究更好地保存。文中还讨论了与蚂蚁研究相关的各种其他杀灭和保存技术。
Collectors use a variety of concentrations and types of alcohols to preserve ant specimens. We evaluated existing literature, experimental evidence, and expert myrmecological advice to determine what kind and concentration of alcohol will result in the best preserved specimens for card-point mounting and DNA extraction. For our experimental evaluation, we killed and stored Solenopsis invicta, Camponotus floridanus, and Dorymyrmex bureni workers in isopropanol and ethanol at four concentrations (70, 85, 95, 100%) over three time periods (24 h, 1 month, 6 months). We then compared specimen condition and amenability to manipulation for mounting on card points. Specimens stored in either 95% isopropanol or 95% ethanol for time periods longer than 24 h produced the best specimens for mounting. A literature review revealed that DNA is best preserved in 95-100% ethanol due to the ability of ethanol to more rapidly penetrate cellular membranes and deactivate DNase activity than other primary alcohols. We recommend that general collections of adult ant specimens should be killed and stored in 95% ethanol. Following this recommendation will result in ant specimens that are easier to mount for museum collections and better preserved for molecular studies. A variety of other killing and preservation techniques relevant to the study of ants are also discussed.