Separate and combined effects of exercise training and weight loss on exercise efficiency and substrate oxidation
Separate and combined effects of exercise training and weight loss on exercise efficiency and substrate oxidation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.90384.2008
复制
发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Goodpaster, Bret H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amati, Francesca;Dube, John J.;Goodpaster, Bret H.
体重扰动已被证明会影响身体活动期间的能量消耗和效率。然而，减肥和运动训练对运动效率或体力活动期间脂肪氧化产生的能量比例的单独影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定运动训练和减肥对稳态中等次最大运动期间代谢效率、经济性 (EC) 和脂肪氧化的单独和综合影响。 64 名久坐的老年人（67 +/- 0.5 岁）超重至肥胖（30.7 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2)）志愿者完成了 4 个月的饮食诱导减肥（WL；n = 11）、运动训练（EX；n = 36）或两种干预措施的组合（WLEX；n = 17）。能量消耗、总效率 (GE)、EC 和脂肪能量消耗比例 (EF) 是在干预前 1 小时次最大（峰值有氧能力的 50%）周期测力运动期间以及干预后以相同的绝对工作率测定的。我们发现 EX 使 GE 提高了 4.7 +/- 2.2%。 EX 同样使 EC 增加了 4.2 +/- 2.1%。与单独使用 WL 相比，在 EX 中同时添加 WL (WLEX) 导致 GE 显着增加 (9.0 +/- 3.3%)，但与单独使用 EX 相比则不然。在调整去脂体重的变化后，这些影响仍然存在。 EX 和 WLEX 组在适度运动期间来自脂肪的能量比例增加，但 WL 组则没有增加。根据这些发现，我们得出结论，运动训练，无论是单独运动还是与减肥相结合，都可以提高以前久坐的肥胖老年人在适度体力活动期间的运动效率和脂肪利用率。然而，单独减肥并不能显着提高运动过程中的效率或脂肪利用率。
Perturbations in body weight have been shown to affect energy expenditure and efficiency during physical activity. The separate effects of weight loss and exercise training on exercise efficiency or the proportion of energy derived from fat oxidation during physical activity, however, are not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the separate and combined effects of exercise training and weight loss on metabolic efficiency, economy (EC), and fat oxidation during steady-state moderate submaximal exercise. Sixty-four sedentary older (67 +/- 0.5 yr) overweight to obese ( 30.7 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2)) volunteers completed 4 mo of either diet-induced weight loss (WL; n = 11), exercise training (EX; n = 36), or the combination of both interventions (WLEX; n = 17). Energy expenditure, gross efficiency (GE), EC, and proportion of energy expended from fat (EF) were determined during a 1-h submaximal (50% of peak aerobic capacity) cycle ergometry exercise before the intervention and at the same absolute work rate after the intervention. We found that EX increased GE by 4.7 +/- 2.2%. EC was similarly increased by 4.2 +/- 2.1% by EX. The addition of concomitant WL to EX (WLEX) resulted in greater increases in GE (9.0 +/- 3.3%) compared with WL alone but not compared with EX alone. These effects remained after adjusting for changes in lean body mass. The proportion of energy derived from fat during the bout of moderate exercise increased with EX and WLEX but not with WL. From these findings, we conclude that exercise training, either alone or in combination with weight loss, increases both exercise efficiency and the utilization of fat during moderate physical activity in previously sedentary, obese older adults. Weight loss alone, however, significantly improves neither efficiency nor utilization of fat during exercise.