Mechanistic Contributions of lncRNAs to Cellular Signaling Pathways Crucial to the Lifecycle of Human Papillomaviruses.

Mechanistic Contributions of lncRNAs to Cellular Signaling Pathways Crucial to the Lifecycle of Human Papillomaviruses.
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DOI:
10.3390/v14112439
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发表时间:
2022-11-03
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Munger K
Munger K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arman W;Munger K

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乳头瘤病毒是普遍存在的嗜上皮病毒,具有约8000个碱基对的双链环状DNA基因组。病毒的生命周期有些不寻常,因为这些病毒可以在它们最初感染的有丝分裂活跃的基底上皮细胞中建立持续感染。高水平病毒基因组复制(“基因组扩增”)、衣壳蛋白的表达和感染性子代的形成限于终末分化细胞,其中基因组在复制工厂中在双链DNA断裂位点处合成。为了建立持续感染,乳头瘤病毒需要保留最初感染细胞的基底细胞身份,并抑制和延迟其上皮分化程序。为了实现高水平的病毒基因组复制,乳头瘤病毒还需要将固有生长停滞的终末分化细胞保持在复制能力状态。为了给病毒基因组合成提供充足的位点,它们靶向DNA损伤和修复机制。聚焦于描绘乳头状瘤病毒靶向的细胞因子的研究可能有助于抗病毒药物的开发。虽然目前大多数研究工作集中在蛋白质靶点上,但大多数人类转录组由非编码RNA组成。这篇综述主要集中在一类特定的非编码RNA,长非编码RNA(lncRNA),并总结了lncRNA的工作,可能会调节细胞的过程,被颠覆的乳头瘤病毒,使持续感染和后代的合成。
Papillomaviruses are ubiquitous epitheliotropic viruses with double-stranded circular DNA genomes of approximately 8000 base pairs. The viral life cycle is somewhat unusual in that these viruses can establish persistent infections in the mitotically active basal epithelial cells that they initially infect. High-level viral genome replication (“genome amplification”), the expression of capsid proteins, and the formation of infectious progeny are restricted to terminally differentiated cells where genomes are synthesized at replication factories at sites of double-strand DNA breaks. To establish persistent infections, papillomaviruses need to retain the basal cell identity of the initially infected cells and restrain and delay their epithelial differentiation program. To enable high-level viral genome replication, papillomaviruses also need to hold the inherently growth-arrested terminally differentiated cells in a replication-competent state. To provide ample sites for viral genome synthesis, they target the DNA damage and repair machinery. Studies focusing on delineating cellular factors that are targeted by papillomaviruses may aid the development of antivirals. Whilst most of the current research efforts focus on protein targets, the majority of the human transcriptome consists of noncoding RNAs. This review focuses on one specific class of noncoding RNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and summarizes work on lncRNAs that may regulate the cellular processes that are subverted by papillomavirus to enable persistent infections and progeny synthesis.
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