Not All Inequality Is Created Equal: Effects of Status Versus Power Hierarchies on Competition for Upward Mobility
Not All Inequality Is Created Equal: Effects of Status Versus Power Hierarchies on Competition for Upward Mobility
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DOI：
10.1037/pspi0000017
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Bendersky, Corinne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hays, Nicholas A.;Bendersky, Corinne
尽管等级制度被认为对群体有利，但经验证据喜忧参半。我们在7项跨越方法和样本的研究中发现，不同的等级分化基础对排名较低的群体成员的破坏性竞争行为有不同的影响，因为地位等级被视为比权力等级更易变。更大的变化性意味着有更多向上流动的机会，这会激励个人竞争，希望提高他们在等级制度中的位置。本研究提供了进一步的证据，证明不同的等级基础可以对个人和他们所属的群体产生不同的影响，并阐明了这些影响的机制。
Although hierarchies are thought to be beneficial for groups, empirical evidence is mixed. We argue and find in 7 studies spanning methodologies and samples that different bases of hierarchical differentiation have distinct effects on lower ranking group members' disruptive competitive behavior because status hierarchies are seen as more mutable than are power hierarchies. Greater mutability means that more opportunity exists for upward mobility, which motivates individuals to compete in hopes of advancing their placement in the hierarchy. This research provides further evidence that different bases of hierarchy can have different effects on individuals and the groups of which they are a part and explicates a mechanism for those effects.