The training intensity distribution among well-trained and elite endurance athletes.
The training intensity distribution among well-trained and elite endurance athletes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2015.00295
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Sperlich B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stöggl TL;Sperlich B
研究人员回顾性分析了不同耐力学科的国家和国际竞争性运动员的训练强度分布（TID），以确定最大适应的最佳体积和强度。大多数研究提出了一个“金字塔”的TID与高比例的高容量，低强度的训练（HVLIT）。一些世界级运动员似乎采用所谓的“极化”TID（即，在赛季的某些阶段，HVLIT和高强度训练的显著百分比）。然而，新兴的前瞻性随机对照研究已经证明，与强调HVLIT或阈值训练的TID相比，在受过良好训练和娱乐的个体中应用极化TID时，与耐力相关的变量的上级响应更优。本综述的目的是：（1）总结关于TID的回顾性和前瞻性研究的主要反应;（2）提供关于不同耐力项目和成绩水平的准备阶段、赛前阶段和比赛阶段TID的系统概述;（3）解决一种TID是否表现出比另一种更大的功效;（4）突出研究空白，以指导未来的科学研究。
Researchers have retrospectively analyzed the training intensity distribution (TID) of nationally and internationally competitive athletes in different endurance disciplines to determine the optimal volume and intensity for maximal adaptation. The majority of studies present a “pyramidal” TID with a high proportion of high volume, low intensity training (HVLIT). Some world-class athletes appear to adopt a so-called “polarized” TID (i.e., significant % of HVLIT and high-intensity training) during certain phases of the season. However, emerging prospective randomized controlled studies have demonstrated superior responses of variables related to endurance when applying a polarized TID in well-trained and recreational individuals when compared with a TID that emphasizes HVLIT or threshold training. The aims of the present review are to: (1) summarize the main responses of retrospective and prospective studies exploring TID; (2) provide a systematic overview on TIDs during preparation, pre-competition, and competition phases in different endurance disciplines and performance levels; (3) address whether one TID has demonstrated greater efficacy than another; and (4) highlight research gaps in an effort to direct future scientific studies.