SCHEMA ABSTRACTION IN A MULTIPLE-TRACE MEMORY MODEL
SCHEMA ABSTRACTION IN A MULTIPLE-TRACE MEMORY MODEL
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.93.4.411
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发表时间：
1986-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
HINTZMAN, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HINTZMAN, DL
将情景记忆模拟模型 MINERVA 2 应用于概念学习，如图式抽象任务所示。该模型假设每次经历都会产生一个单独的记忆痕迹，并且抽象概念的知识是从检索时的情景痕迹池中得出的。检索线索同时接触所有痕迹，根据其与线索的相似性激活每个痕迹，并且从存储器中检索的信息反映了所有并行响应的激活痕迹的总内容。建议 MINERVA 2 模型能够在使用类别名称提示时检索类别的抽象原型，并在使用类别范例提示时检索类别名称并消除歧义。该模型成功地预测了图式抽象文献的基本发现（例如，原型和旧实例的差异遗忘、典型性和类别大小效应），包括一些被引用作为反对概念范例理论的证据。该模型与其他分类模型进行了比较，并讨论了其对抽象问题的影响。（63 参考）（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Applies a simulation model of episodic memory, MINERVA 2, to the learning of concepts, as represented by the schema-abstraction task. The model assumes that each experience produces a separate memory trace and that knowledge of abstract concepts is derived from the pool of episodic traces at the time of retrieval. A retrieval cue contacts all traces simultaneously, activating each according to its similarity to the cue, and the information retrieved from memory reflects the summed content of all activated traces responding in parallel. It is suggested that the MINERVA 2 model is able to retrieve an abstracted prototype of the category when cued with the category name and to retrieve and disambiguate a category name when cued with a category exemplar. The model successfully predicts basic findings from the schema-abstraction literature (eg, differential forgetting of prototypes and old instances, typicality, and category size effects), including some that have been cited as evidence against exemplar theories of concepts. The model is compared with other classification models, and its implications regarding the abstraction problem are discussed.(63 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)