Classifying the generation and formation channels of individual LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations from dynamically formed binaries
Classifying the generation and formation channels of individual LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations from dynamically formed binaries
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.108.084044
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发表时间：
2023-06
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Andrea Antonelli;K. Kritos;K. Ng;R. Cotesta;E. Berti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrea Antonelli;K. Kritos;K. Ng;R. Cotesta;E. Berti
我们要解决引力波天文学中的两个重要问题。导致黑洞双星合并的天体物理形成情景是什么？一些合并的黑洞是通过前几代的合并按等级形成的吗？利用rapster代码和随机森林算法的快速生成天体物理模拟，我们开发了一个管道，以逐个事件的基础上准确分类动态形成的BH的最可能的生成和形成场景。我们测试我们的框架上的四个合并事件的功能表明一个动力学的起源：大总质量事件GW190521，GW190412（大质量不对称），和两个事件的有效自旋与轨道角动量（GW191109和GW200225）。在我们考虑的模型中，并假设这些事件是动态形成的，我们发现GW190521中的一个组成黑洞是由先前的合并形成的，概率很高（85）。GW190521、GW191109和GW200225与三体相互作用形成相一致，而GW190412最可能的形成通道是两体捕获。我们还排除了GW191109只包含第一代黑洞的可能性为97 $\ %$。一旦我们的管道在更全面的二元地层模拟集上进行训练，它可能有助于识别单个GW观测的进化路径。
We address two important questions in gravitational-wave astronomy. What is the astrophysical formation scenario leading to black-hole binary mergers? Did some of the merging black holes form hierarchically through previous generations of mergers? Leveraging fast-to-generate astrophysical simulations from the rapster code and a random forest algorithm, we develop a pipeline to accurately classify the most likely generation and formation scenario of dynamically formed BHs on an event-by-event basis. We test our framework on four merger events with features suggesting a dynamical origin: the large total mass event GW190521, GW190412 (with large mass asymmetry), and two events with effective spins antialigned with the orbital angular momentum (GW191109 and GW200225). Within the models we consider, and assuming these events to be formed dynamically, we find that one of the component black holes in GW190521 formed from a previous merger with high probability ($\gtrsim 85\%$). GW190521, GW191109 and GW200225 are compatible with formation through three-body interactions, while the most likely formation channel for GW190412 are two-body captures. We also rule out that GW191109 contains only first-generation black holes with a probability of 97$\%$. Our pipeline could be useful to identify the evolutionary path of individual GW observations once it is trained on more comprehensive sets of binary formation simulations.