EFFECTS OF SELF-FOCUSED RUMINATION ON NEGATIVE THINKING AND INTERPERSONAL PROBLEM-SOLVING
EFFECTS OF SELF-FOCUSED RUMINATION ON NEGATIVE THINKING AND INTERPERSONAL PROBLEM-SOLVING
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.69.1.176
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发表时间：
1995-07-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
NOLENHOEKSEMA, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LYUBOMIRSKY, S;NOLENHOEKSEMA, S
本研究以焦虑和非焦虑参与者为研究对象，对自我关注反刍对事件解释和人际问题解决的影响进行了假设检验。研究1支持这样一种假设，即被诱导以反刍的方式自我关注自己的感受和个人特征的焦虑参与者，比被诱导从自己的情绪中分散注意力的焦虑参与者或非焦虑参与者，更支持对假设情境的消极、有偏见的解释。研究2表明，与其他三组相比，反复思考的焦虑参与者对未来的积极事件更为悲观。研究3表明，与其他三组相比，焦虑反刍的参与者对人际关系问题的解决办法更不有效。在研究1和3中，焦虑反刍的参与者对人际关系问题和假设的负面事件也给出了最悲观的解释。在所有的3项研究中，心烦意乱的参与者在解决问题时与非心烦意乱的参与者一样乐观和有效。
Hypotheses about the effects of self-focused rumination on interpretations of events and interpersonal problem solving were tested in 3 studies with dysphoric and nondysphoric participants. Study 1 supported the hypothesis that dysphoric participants induced to ruminatively self-focus on their feelings and personal characteristics would endorse more negative, biased interpretations of hypothetical situations than dysphoric participants induced to distract themselves from their mood, or nondysphoric participants. Study 2 showed that dysphoric participants who ruminated were more pessimistic about positive events in their future than the other 3 groups. Study 3 showed that dysphoric ruminating participants generated less effective solutions to interpersonal problems than the other 3 groups. In Studies 1 and 3, dysphoric ruminating participants also offered the most pessimistic explanations for interpersonal problems and hypothetical negative events. In all 3 studies, dysphoric participants who distracted were as optimistic and effective in solving problems as nondysphoric participants.