Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews the Spatial Orienting Paradigm: How to Design and Interpret Spatial Attention Experiments
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews the Spatial Orienting Paradigm: How to Design and Interpret Spatial Attention Experiments
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通讯作者：
A. B. Chica;E. Martín-Arévalo;Fabiano Botta;J. Lupiáñez
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作者：
A. B. Chica;E. Martín-Arévalo;Fabiano Botta;J. Lupiáñez
本文被认为是一个指南，将描述非常著名的空间定向范式，用于探索健康个体以及患有精神疾病和脑损伤患者的注意过程。该范式在20世纪70年代末发展起来，从那时起，它已被用于数千项注意力研究。在这篇评论中，我们试图描述，天真的读者的范式，并详细解释何时使用，哪些变量通常被操纵，如何解释其结果，以及如何适应不同的人群和方法。这篇评论的主要目标是提供一个实用的指导研究人员谁从来没有使用的范式，这将有助于他们设计他们的实验，作为他们的理论和实验需求的函数。我们还专注于如何适应不同的技术（如事件相关电位，功能性共振成像，或经颅磁刺激）的范例，并通过展示其在脑损伤患者中的应用的例子，以不同的人群。
This paper is conceived as a guide that will describe the very well known Spatial Orienting paradigm, used to explore attentional processes in healthy individuals as well as in people suffering from psychiatric disorders and brain-damaged patients. The paradigm was developed in the late 1970s, and since then, it has been used in thousands of attentional studies. In this review, we attempt to describe, the paradigm for the naïf reader, and explain in detail when is it used, which variables are usually manipulated, how to interpret its results, and how can it be adapted to different populations and methodologies. The main goal of this review is to provide a practical guide to researchers who have never used the paradigm that will help them design their experiments, as a function of their theoretical and experimental needs. We also focus on how to adapt the paradigm to different technologies (such as event-related potentials, functional resonance imaging, or transcranial magnetic stimulation), and to different populations by presenting an example of its use in brain-damaged patients.