Effects of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) on lipid metabolism and health status of juvenile grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus
Effects of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) on lipid metabolism and health status of juvenile grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.03.020
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发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
J. Tian;H. Ji;H. Oku;Jishu Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Tian;H. Ji;H. Oku;Jishu Zhou
花生四烯酸（ARA）在调节脂质代谢、生物学过程和免疫应答中起重要作用。本研究旨在探讨ARA对草鱼幼鱼脂质代谢及健康状况的影响。采用3种等氮等能半纯化日粮（分别添加0.03%（对照组）、0.30%和0.60% ARA）进行为期60天的饲养试验。0.30%组饲料转化率显著低于对照组（P< 0.05），蛋白质转化率显著高于对照组（P <0.05）。同时，0.30%组的IPF率显著低于对照组，日粮ARA降低了肝胰腺脂肪含量，0.30%组的整体脂肪含量显著低于其他各组（P< 0.05）。ARA组肝胰腺、全身、肾脏和IPF中LA、18：3 n − 6、22：4 n − 6、总n − 6 PUFA和LNA水平显著升高（P< 0.05）。0.30%组血清ALT、AST活性最低，与0.60%组比较差异有显著性（P< 0.05）。ARA组血清T-chol和LDL-c水平显著高于对照组（P< 0.05）。血清TNFα和IL-6浓度随日粮ARA含量的增加而降低，0.60%组显著低于对照组（P< 0.05）。在肝胰腺中，ARA组的PPARγ mRNA表达水平显著低于对照组（P< 0.05），而在IPF中，0.30%组的PPARγ mRNA表达水平显著低于对照组（P< 0.05）。ARA组肝胰腺和IPF中脂肪酸合成酶（FAS）、脂肪酸去饱和酶（FAD）和脂肪酸延长酶（ELO）mRNA表达水平均显著降低（P< 0.05）。肾脏中TLR 22和MyD 88 mRNA表达水平在0.30%组最高，对照组最低（P < 0.05）。而在肝胰腺中，ARA组这两个基因的mRNA表达水平均显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。总体而言，添加0.30%的ARA能有效抑制草鱼幼鱼体内脂质的积累，改变脂代谢关键基因的表达，降低血清中转氨酶活性和促炎细胞因子浓度，提高草鱼幼鱼肾脏免疫相关基因的表达，从而改善草鱼幼鱼的健康状况。
Arachidonic acid (ARA) plays important roles in regulating lipid metabolism, biological processes and immune response. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of ARA on lipid metabolism and health status of juvenile grass carp. A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted using three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semi-purified diets containing 0.03% (control group), 0.30%, and 0.60% ARA. The FCR in the 0.30% group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P< 0.05), and the 0.30% group showed significantly higher protein efficiency compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the IPF ratio in the 0.30% group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group, dietary ARA decreased the fat content in the hepatopancreas, and the whole body lipid content was significantly lower in the 0.30% group than in the other groups (P< 0.05). The levels of LA, 18:3n − 6, 22:4n − 6, total n − 6 PUFA and LNA in the hepatopancreas, whole body, kidney and IPF were significantly higher in the ARA groups (P< 0.05). The lowest serum ALT and AST activities were found in the 0.30% group, and showed significant difference compared with the 0.60% group (P< 0.05). The serum T-chol and LDL-c concentrations were significantly higher in the ARA groups (P< 0.05). The serum TNFα and IL-6 concentrations decreased with the increased dietary ARA content and the 0.60% group showed significantly lower TNFα concentration compared with the control group (P< 0.05). In the hepatopancreas, the mRNA expression of PPARγ showed significantly lower levels in the ARA groups (P< 0.05), whereas in the IPF, the 0.30% group showed significantly lower mRNA expression levels of PPARγ (P< 0.05). Both in the hepatopancreas and IPF, the mRNA expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS), fatty acid desaturase (FAD) and fatty acid elongase (ELO) were significantly lower in the ARA groups (P< 0.05). The mRNA expression of TLR22 and MyD88 in the kidney showed the highest levels in the 0.30% group and the lowest levels in the control group (P < 0.05). However, in the hepatopancreas, the ARA groups showed significantly lower mRNA expression levels of these two genes compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Overall, the appropriate dietary ARA inclusion (0.30%) effectively suppressed the lipid accumulation and altered the key gene expression of lipid metabolism, improved the health status by decreasing the aminotransferase activities and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in the serum and increased the expression of immune-related gene expression in the kidney of juvenile grass carp.