Motor Control Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease
Motor Control Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a009282
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Cortes, Juan Camilo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mazzoni, Pietro;Shabbott, Britne;Cortes, Juan Camilo
帕金森病的主要表现是运动异常，包括运动缓慢、步态和平衡困难以及震颤。我们对与这些症状相关的神经元和肌肉活动异常了解很多。运动症状也可以用运动控制来描述，这种描述级别解释了运动变量（例如肢体的位置和速度）是如何控制和协调的。将运动症状理解为运动控制异常意味着确定疾病如何扰乱正常的控制过程。例如，就帕金森病而言，运动缓慢可以通过决定正常运动速度的控制过程中断来解释。了解运动症状的运动控制基础的两个长期好处包括未来设计神经假体来替代受损基底神经节回路的功能，以及合理设计康复策略。然而，这种理解仍然有限，部分原因是我们对正常运动控制的了解有限。在本文中，我们回顾了运动控制的概念，并描述了一些运动症状，这些症状说明了理解运动控制异常等症状所面临的挑战。
The primary manifestations of Parkinson's disease are abnormalities of movement, including movement slowness, difficulties with gait and balance, and tremor. We know a considerable amount about the abnormalities of neuronal and muscle activity that correlate with these symptoms. Motor symptoms can also be described in terms of motor control, a level of description that explains how movement variables, such as a limb's position and speed, are controlled and coordinated. Understanding motor symptoms as motor control abnormalities means to identify how the disease disrupts normal control processes. In the case of Parkinson's disease, movement slowness, for example, would be explained by a disruption of the control processes that determine normal movement speed. Two long-term benefits of understanding the motor control basis of motor symptoms include the future design of neural prostheses to replace the function of damaged basal ganglia circuits, and the rational design of rehabilitation strategies. This type of understanding, however, remains limited, partly because of limitations in our knowledge of normal motor control. In this article, we review the concept of motor control and describe a few motor symptoms that illustrate the challenges in understanding such symptoms as motor control abnormalities.