Insights from evolutionarily relevant models for human ageing.
Insights from evolutionarily relevant models for human ageing.
复制标题
来自人类衰老进化相关模型的见解。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2019.0605
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Snyder-Mackler,Noah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EmeryThompson,Melissa;Rosati,AlexandraG;Snyder-Mackler,Noah
随着世界面临人口老龄化带来的健康挑战，人们对老龄化科学的兴趣急剧增加。这项研究绝大多数集中在与年龄有关的疾病上，特别是在工业化人群和短命实验动物模型中。然而，很明显，人类和长寿灵长类动物的衰老方式与许多典型的模式生物不同，而在发达国家，许多导致死亡和残疾的疾病因现代生活方式而大大加剧。因此，研究人类衰老过程是如何演变的，对于理解人类寿命延长的起源和增加对退行性疾病易感性的因素至关重要。在这一期中，我们重点介绍了灵长类动物的新兴比较研究，重点介绍了衰老的生理、生理、行为和认知过程。这项工作包括非人类灵长类动物的数据和理论，以及生活在小规模社会中的人类的代表性不足的数据，这些数据有助于阐明环境如何影响衰老。组成部分的论文解决(i)构成长寿灵长类动物衰老的关键过程；（ii）预测老化速度变化的社会、生态或个人特征；（三）衰老轨迹与疾病结果之间的复杂关系。总的来说，这项工作提供了衰老的基本比较，进化数据，并展示了其独特的潜力，告知我们对人类衰老过程的理解。这篇文章是主题问题“灵长类动物衰老过程的进化”的一部分。
As the world confronts the health challenges of an ageing population, there has been dramatically increased interest in the science of ageing. This research has overwhelmingly focused on age-related disease, particularly in industrialized human populations and short-lived laboratory animal models. However, it has become clear that humans and long-lived primates age differently than many typical model organisms, and that many of the diseases causing death and disability in the developed world are greatly exacerbated by modern lifestyles. As such, research on how the human ageing process evolved is vital to understanding the origins of prolonged human lifespan and factors increasing vulnerability to degenerative disease. In this issue, we highlight emerging comparative research on primates, highlighting the physical, physiological, behavioural and cognitive processes of ageing. This work comprises data and theory on non-human primates, as well as under-represented data on humans living in small-scale societies, which help elucidate how environment shapes senescence. Component papers address (i) the critical processes that comprise senescence in long-lived primates; (ii) the social, ecological or individual characteristics that predict variation in the pace of ageing; and (iii) the complicated relationship between ageing trajectories and disease outcomes. Collectively, this work provides essential comparative, evolutionary data on ageing and demonstrates its unique potential to inform our understanding of the human ageing process.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolution of the primate ageing process’.